Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus)

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Identidad taxonómica

Scientific name: Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.
Canonical name: The scientific name without its authorship or date, for example Zea mays instead of Zea mays L.: Artocarpus heterophyllus
Authorship: The author or authors credited with publishing the scientific name. It is written after the name, sometimes with the year, for example L. (Linnaeus) in Zea mays L. An author in parentheses first published the name in another genus or rank.: Lam.
Common names: Jackfruit, Jakfruit, Kathal, jack, jak
Names in other languages (57)
Artocarpe à feuilles entières, Jacque, Jacquier, Jaque, Jaquier, Artocarpe à feuilles entières, Jacquier, Baramits, Buenpan, Chlebovník různolistý, Chlebowiec różnolistny, Coolie Chataigne, Coowa, Džefrūts, Fenesi, Jaca, Jackfruchtbaum, Jacquier, Jaquier, Jákafa, Katahar, Kocar (Trinidad & Tobago); Jack, Langka, Mafenesi, Mfenesi, Nangka, Nangkà, Stambusis duonmedis, Yaca, bo luo mi, chlebovník rôznolistý, intianleipäpuu, jackfrugt, jackfrukt, jaqueira, jaqueiro, nangkaboom, panasa, árbol del pan, Джекфрут, Жекфрут, Индийское хлебное дерево, ארטוקרפוס שונה-עלים, جاك فروت, جاكا, جاكويرا, جاكية, خبزية متغايرة الاوراق, كاكايا, फणस, কাঁঠাল, పనస, പിലാവ്, പ്ലാവ്, කොස්, ขนุน, ジャックフルーツ, パラミツ, 大樹菠蘿, 木波羅, 波羅蜜, 菠蘿蜜
Kingdom: One of the broadest ranks of biological classification. It groups organisms that share very basic features, for example plants (Plantae), animals (Animalia) or fungi (Fungi).: Plantae
Phylum: Rank below kingdom that groups organisms with a shared general body plan, for example chordates (Chordata), arthropods (Arthropoda) or vascular plants (Tracheophyta). In botany the same rank is also called division.: Tracheophyta
Class: Rank below phylum, for example mammals (Mammalia), birds (Aves), insects (Insecta) or monocot plants such as grasses and orchids (Liliopsida).: Magnoliopsida
Order: Rank below class that groups related families, for example grasses and their relatives (Poales) or bats (Chiroptera).: Rosales
Family: Rank below order that groups related genera. Family names usually end in -aceae in botany (for example Poaceae, the grass family) and in -idae in zoology (for example Felidae, the cat family).: Moraceae
Genus: Rank that groups closely related species. Its name is the first word of a species' scientific name and starts with a capital letter, for example Zea in Zea mays.: Artocarpus
Specific epithet: The second word of a species' scientific name. On its own it does not name the species: it always goes with the genus, for example mays in Zea mays.: heterophyllus
Taxonomic rank: The level a name occupies in the hierarchy of biological classification, such as kingdom, family, genus, species or subspecies.: species
Reference species: Artocarpus heterophyllus
Taxonomic status: Whether the taxonomic catalogue the record comes from currently accepts this name for the organism, or treats it as a synonym of another accepted name or as doubtful.: accepted name

Photos and conservation status

IUCN Red List category: The extinction-risk category that the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) assigns to a species on its Red List. EX Extinct: there is no reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. EW Extinct in the wild: it survives only in cultivation, in captivity or as a population far outside its past range. CR Critically endangered, EN Endangered and VU Vulnerable: the three threatened categories, from an extremely high to a high risk of extinction in the wild. NT Near threatened: close to qualifying as threatened. LC Least concern: evaluated and not threatened. DD Data deficient: there is not enough information to assess its risk. NE Not evaluated: not yet assessed against the criteria. It describes the risk of the species worldwide, not its situation in a project's area.: Not evaluated (NE)
Source: IUCN Red List via GBIF, queried on 2026-10-09 06:59.

Photo of Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. — Photo: Raja Sekhar Chimirala · CC BY 4.0 · View original image · Original observation

Research-grade iNaturalist observations via GBIF, CC0 or CC BY licences only, queried on 2026-10-09 06:59.

Interacciones documentadas

GloBI says it is documented somewhere in the world. Biolitica answers whether it could happen here.

A documented interaction means it was recorded somewhere in the world. It does not mean it occurs here.

Types shown: 8 of 8 is a host of × is eaten by × interacts with × is visited by × has as a vector × has as a parasite × has as a pathogen × has its flowers visited by ×

Blocks that do not sit under a navigation concept heading keep the source's own term: no navigation concept has been assigned to them yet.

is a host of 103 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it. In the source ontology symbiosis covers mutualism, commensalism and parasitism alike, so this block holds attackers and allies side by side.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
Bacillus cereus Bacillaceae	is a host of	5	no location
5 sources · 5 records http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/318086661 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/318086667 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/318086668 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/318086741 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/319659265 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Bacillus pumilus Bacillaceae	is a host of	5	no location
5 sources · 5 records http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/318086663 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/318086664 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/318086665 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/318086742 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/319659105 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Phytophthora palmivora Peronosporaceae	is a host of	4	no location
4 sources · 4 records Spaulding, P.. 1961. Foreign Diseases of Forest Trees of the World. U.S.D.A. Agric. Handb. 197:1-361 Published in globalbioticinteractions/usda-fungus-host Context: India · no date published Azni, I.N.A.M., Sundram, S., Ramachandran, V., and Seman, I.A.. 2017. An in vitro investigation of Malaysian %Phytophthora palmivora% isolates and pathogenicity study on oil palm. J. Phytopathol. 165(11-12):800-812 Published in globalbioticinteractions/usda-fungus-host Context: Viet Nam · no date published Tri, M.V., Van Hoa, N., Minh Chau, N., Pane, A., Faedda, R., Da Patrizio, A., Schena, L., Olsson, C.H.B., Wright, S.A.I., Ramstedt, M., and Cacciola, S.O.. 2015. Decline of jackfruit (%Artocarpus heterophyllus%) incited by %Phytophthora palmivora% in Vietnam. Phytopathol. Medit.… Published in globalbioticinteractions/usda-fungus-host Context: Viet Nam · no date published Borines, L.M., Palermo, V.G., Guadalquiver, G.A., Dwyer, C., Drenth, A., Daniel, R., and Guest, D.I.. 2014. Jackfruit decline caused by %Phytophthora palmivora% (Butler). Australas. Pl. Pathol. 43:123-129 Published in globalbioticinteractions/usda-fungus-host Context: Philippines · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Lasiodiplodia theobromae Botryosphaeriaceae	is a host of	4	no location
4 sources · 4 records Chen, M.-M.. 2002. Forest fungi phytogeography: Forest fungi phytogeography of China, North America, and Siberia and international quarantine of tree pathogens. Pacific Mushroom Research and Education Center, Sacramento, California :469 Published in globalbioticinteractions/usda-fungus-host Context: China · no date published Richardson, M.J.. 1990. An Annotated List of Seed-Borne Diseases. Fourth Edition. International Seed Testing Association, Zurich :387+ Published in globalbioticinteractions/usda-fungus-host Context: India · no date published Liu, P.S.W.. 1977. A supplement to a host list of plant diseases in Sabah, Malaysia.. Phytopathol. Pap. 21:1-49 Published in globalbioticinteractions/usda-fungus-host Context: Malaysia · no date published Zhuang, W.-Y., Ed.. 2001. Higher Fungi of Tropical China. Mycotaxon, Ltd., Ithaca, NY :485 Published in globalbioticinteractions/usda-fungus-host Context: China · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 103, by number of studies See more of this type

is eaten by 72 organisms

This term does declare that the organism harms this species.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
Pacific Flying Fox Pteropus tonganus Pteropodidae	is eaten by	4	no location
4 sources · 4 records Cox, P. A., et al. 1992. Flying foxes as pollinators and seed dispersers in Pacific island ecosystems. In: Pacific island flying foxes: proceedings of an international conservation conference (D. E. Wilson & G. L. Graham, eds.). pp. 18-23. US Department of the Interior, Fish and… Published in globalbioticinteractions/batbase Context: Unspecified · no date published Wiles, G. J. & M. S. Fujita. 1992. Food plants and economic importance of flying foxes on Pacific islands. In: Pacific island flying foxes: proceedings of an international conservation conference (D. E. Wilson & G. L. Graham, eds.). pp. 24-35. US Department of the Interior, Fish… Published in globalbioticinteractions/batbase Context: Cook Islands · no date published Banack, S. A. 1996. Flying foxes, genus Pteropus, in the Samoan Islands: interactions with forest communities. Ph.D. Dissertation. University of California, Berkeley. Published in globalbioticinteractions/bat-co-roosting-database Context: Samoan archipelago · no date published ACS Published in qgroom/bat-co-roosting-database Context: no place published · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Black-horned Capuchin Sapajus nigritus Cebidae	is eaten by	2	not compared
2 sources · 2 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/20833457 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 26, 2017 · Human observation doi:10.1002/ecy.1818 Published in globalbioticinteractions/bello2017 Context: no place published · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Southern Pig-tailed Macaque Macaca leonina Cercopithecidae	is eaten by	2	not compared
2 sources · 2 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/261097262 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Jan. 26, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/289290103 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 17, 2025 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Greater Mascarene Flying Fox Pteropus niger Pteropodidae	is eaten by	2	not compared
2 sources · 2 records Nyhagen, D. F., et al. 2005. An investigation into the role of the Mauritian flying fox, Pteropus niger, in forest regeneration. Biological Conservation 122: 491-497. Published in globalbioticinteractions/batbase Context: Black River Gorges National Park · no date published Cheke, A. S. & J. F. Dahl. 1981. The status of bats on western Indian Ocean islands, with special reference to Pteropus. Mammalia 45 (2). Published in globalbioticinteractions/batbase Context: Mauritius-Artificial Landscape · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 72, by number of studies See more of this type

interacts with 16 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
Indian Flying Fox Pteropus giganteus Pteropodidae	interacts with	3	no location
3 sources · 3 records Prasad et al., 2014 Published in globalbioticinteractions/aziz2021 Context: India · no date published Divakar, 2015 Published in globalbioticinteractions/aziz2021 Context: India · no date published Win and Mya, 2015 Published in globalbioticinteractions/aziz2021 Context: Myanmar · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Greenish Silk-Moth Trilocha varians Bombycidae	interacts with	2	not compared
2 sources · 2 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/147884935 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Feb. 2, 2023 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/147885023 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Feb. 2, 2023 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Klabonosa indica Pteromalidae	interacts with	2	no location
2 sources · 2 records Gupta, A., Yeshwanth, H.M. & Sureshan, P.M. (2018) A new species of <i>Klabonosa</i> Boucek (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) reared from eggs of <i>Endochus</i> sp. (Hemiptera: Reduciidae) from India. <i>Zootaxa</i>, 4413(3), 593–600. Published in urn:lsid:checklistbank.org:dataset:124661 Context: no place published · no date published @article{68453, author = {Gupta, A. and Yeshwanth, H.M. and Sureshan, P.M.}, booktitle = {Zootaxa}, journal = {Zootaxa}, month = {apr}, day = {24}, pages = {593-600}, title = {A new species of <i>Klabonosa</i> Boucek (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) reared from eggs of … Published in globalbioticinteractions/taxonworks Context: no place published · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Screw Pine Scale Pinnaspis strachani Diaspididae	interacts with	1	not compared
1 source · 6 records Tri-Trophic Thematic Collection Network, 2014 (and updates). Version: 2016-03-08. http://tcn.amnh.org/. National Science Foundation grant(s) EF#1115081, EF#1115103, EF#1115080, EF#1115144, EF#1115191, EF#1115104, EF#1115115 Published in globalbioticinteractions/arthropodEasyCaptureAMNH Record contexts (sample): Lake City · no date published · Preserved specimen; Lake City · no date published · LabelObservation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 16, by number of studies See more of this type

is visited by 2 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
Dawn Bat Eonycteris spelaea Pteropodidae	is visited by	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record Lim, V., et al. 2018. Pollination implications of the diverse diet of tropical nectar-feeding bats roosting in an urban cave. PeerJ 6: e4572. Published in globalbioticinteractions/batbase Context: Dark Cave · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Common Palmfly Elymnias hypermnestra Nymphalidae	is visited by	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/326274643 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 29, 2025 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 2 of 2, by number of studies

has as a vector 1 organism

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented	Actions
Rusty-spotted Genet Genetta maculata	has as a vector	1	no location
1 source · 1 record Engel, TR, 1998. Seeds on the roundabout-tropical forest regeneration by Genetta rubiginosa. Small Carnivore Conservation, 19(, pp.13-20. Published in globalbioticinteractions/AfricaTreeDatabase Context: no place published · no date published · direct observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 1 of 1, by number of studies

has as a parasite 1 organism

This term does declare that the organism harms this species.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented	Actions
Parasitoid wasp Anagyrus dactylopii Encyrtidae	has as a parasite	1	no location
1 source · 1 record ManiKr997c via Universal Chalcidoidea Database Published in globalbioticinteractions/natural-history-museum-london-interactions-bank Context: no place published · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 1 of 1, by number of studies

has as a pathogen 1 organism

This term does declare that the organism harms this species. It is a narrow block, and it cannot be the only one that is read: the most frequent term in the catalogue is the one above, which declares no harm, so much of what a reader would call a pest arrives there instead.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented	Actions
Aplosporella artocarpi Aplosporellaceae	has as a pathogen	1	no location
1 source · 1 record Trakunyingcharoen,T., Lombard,L., Groenewald,J.Z., Cheewangkoon,R., To-anun,C. and Crous,P.W.; Caulicolous Botryosphaeriales from Thailand; Persoonia 34, 87-99 (2015) Published in globalbioticinteractions/fungaltraits Context: no place published · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 1 of 1, by number of studies

Flower visit

has its flowers visited by 1 organism

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it. Visiting a flower is not pollinating it. «Pollinates» is a different term and a different block, and merging the two is the measured defect that turned ~88 shared «pollinators» into birds and primates.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented	Actions
Narrow Stingless Bee Tetragonisca angustula Apidae	has its flowers visited by	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/321930784 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 6, 2024 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 1 of 1, by number of studies

Interaction data from Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI), GloBI 0.11. Each row keeps the citation its own study published.

Interactions are published at species level: they are not resolved by variety or race.

Each block is headed by the source's own term, read from this species' end — not by a category of ours. Two similar terms are not merged.

«Documented here» means the interaction was observed in this territory. It is not evidence that the species is here, and it does not enter the niche model.

Acompañantes documentados

This agronomic reading comes from a source reserved for internal use, so it is not shown here.

Documented uses and recommendations

Uses and recommendations that a source documents for this species beside a crop, each in its own context. They are the source's statements, not traits of the species and not Biolítica's recommendations, and none of them is a relation between two species.

Among the sources you can read, none documents a use or recommendation of this species beside a crop.