French-tamarind (Samanea saman)

← Back to the species catalog

Identidad taxonómica

Scientific name: Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merr.
Canonical name: The scientific name without its authorship or date, for example Zea mays instead of Zea mays L.: Samanea saman
Authorship: The author or authors credited with publishing the scientific name. It is written after the name, sometimes with the year, for example L. (Linnaeus) in Zea mays L. An author in parentheses first published the name in another genus or rank.: (Jacq.) Merr.
Common names: French-tamarind, Monkey pod tree, Rain tree, Saman, Monkey pod, Cow tamarind, Giant thibet, Inga saman, East Indian walnut, Soar, Suar, Crow bean tree, False powder puff, French tamarind, Coco tamarind, Raintree, Rendi, cow-tamarind, monkey-pod, monkeypod
Names in other languages (45)
'Ōhai, Algarrobillo, Arbre à la pluie, Bhagay mara, Campano, Chorona, Ki Hujan, Maru maru, Marumaru, rau marumaru, Mgilantze lahi, Sari bonara, Mgilantze ndrume, Munggur, Regenbaum, Regenboom, Saman, Samán, Sámánfa, Trembesi, `ohai, akasya, arbre de pluie, burdão-de-velho, cenicero, còng, gouannegoul, rain tree, regnträd, sadepuu, samana, samanea dáždnikovitá, trongkon-mames, Árbol de Lluvia, árbol de la lluvia, Альбиция Саман, Дощове дерево, शिरीश, सीरस, தூங்குமூஞ்சி (toongumoonji), నిద్ర గన్నేరు, മഴമരം, ก้ามปู, จามจุรี, アメリカネム, 雨树, 雨豆樹
Kingdom: One of the broadest ranks of biological classification. It groups organisms that share very basic features, for example plants (Plantae), animals (Animalia) or fungi (Fungi).: Plantae
Phylum: Rank below kingdom that groups organisms with a shared general body plan, for example chordates (Chordata), arthropods (Arthropoda) or vascular plants (Tracheophyta). In botany the same rank is also called division.: Tracheophyta
Class: Rank below phylum, for example mammals (Mammalia), birds (Aves), insects (Insecta) or monocot plants such as grasses and orchids (Liliopsida).: Magnoliopsida
Order: Rank below class that groups related families, for example grasses and their relatives (Poales) or bats (Chiroptera).: Fabales
Family: Rank below order that groups related genera. Family names usually end in -aceae in botany (for example Poaceae, the grass family) and in -idae in zoology (for example Felidae, the cat family).: Fabaceae
Genus: Rank that groups closely related species. Its name is the first word of a species' scientific name and starts with a capital letter, for example Zea in Zea mays.: Samanea
Specific epithet: The second word of a species' scientific name. On its own it does not name the species: it always goes with the genus, for example mays in Zea mays.: saman
Taxonomic rank: The level a name occupies in the hierarchy of biological classification, such as kingdom, family, genus, species or subspecies.: species
Reference species: Samanea saman
Taxonomic status: Whether the taxonomic catalogue the record comes from currently accepts this name for the organism, or treats it as a synonym of another accepted name or as doubtful.: accepted name

Photos and conservation status

IUCN Red List category: The extinction-risk category that the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) assigns to a species on its Red List. EX Extinct: there is no reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. EW Extinct in the wild: it survives only in cultivation, in captivity or as a population far outside its past range. CR Critically endangered, EN Endangered and VU Vulnerable: the three threatened categories, from an extremely high to a high risk of extinction in the wild. NT Near threatened: close to qualifying as threatened. LC Least concern: evaluated and not threatened. DD Data deficient: there is not enough information to assess its risk. NE Not evaluated: not yet assessed against the criteria. It describes the risk of the species worldwide, not its situation in a project's area.: Least concern (LC)
Source: IUCN Red List via GBIF, queried on 2026-10-09 06:05.

Photo of Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merr. — Photo: renjus box · CC BY 4.0 · View original image · Original observation

Research-grade iNaturalist observations via GBIF, CC0 or CC BY licences only, queried on 2026-10-09 06:05.

Interacciones documentadas

GloBI says it is documented somewhere in the world. Biolitica answers whether it could happen here.

A documented interaction means it was recorded somewhere in the world. It does not mean it occurs here.

Types shown: 7 of 7 is a host of × is eaten by × is pollinated by × has its flowers visited by × interacts with (this species is the record's destination) × interacts with (this species is the record's origin) × has as a vector ×

Blocks that do not sit under a navigation concept heading keep the source's own term: no navigation concept has been assigned to them yet.

is a host of 54 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it. In the source ontology symbiosis covers mutualism, commensalism and parasitism alike, so this block holds attackers and allies side by side.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
Polyphagous Shot Hole Borer Euwallacea fornicatus Curculionidae	is a host of	4	no location
4 sources · 4 records https://scan-bugs.org:443/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=35474594 Published in globalbioticinteractions/scan Context: Puako · May 23, 1967 · Preserved specimen https://scan-bugs.org:443/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=35474596 Published in globalbioticinteractions/scan Context: Poipu · June 1, 1966 · Preserved specimen https://ecdysis.org/collections/individual/index.php?occid=5633267 Published in globalbioticinteractions/ecdysis Context: Puako · May 23, 1967 · Preserved specimen https://ecdysis.org/collections/individual/index.php?occid=5633269 Published in globalbioticinteractions/ecdysis Context: Poipu · June 1, 1966 · Preserved specimen A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Bacillus panaciterrae Bacillaceae	is a host of	3	no location
3 sources · 3 records http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/219819682 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/219819683 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/219819684 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Beetle Phloeophagosoma tenuis Curculionidae	is a host of	2	no location
2 sources · 2 records https://scan-bugs.org:443/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=35474551 Published in globalbioticinteractions/scan Context: Waipio · Feb. 28, 1930 · Preserved specimen https://ecdysis.org/collections/individual/index.php?occid=5633224 Published in globalbioticinteractions/ecdysis Context: Waipio · Feb. 28, 1930 · Preserved specimen A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Bradyrhizobium elkanii Bradyrhizobiaceae	is a host of	2	no location
2 sources · 2 records http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/205318841 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/205318844 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 54, by number of studies See more of this type

is eaten by 22 organisms

This term does declare that the organism harms this species.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
Pacific Flying Fox Pteropus tonganus Pteropodidae	is eaten by	2	no location
2 sources · 2 records Banack, S. A. 1996. Flying foxes, genus Pteropus, in the Samoan Islands: interactions with forest communities. Ph.D. Dissertation. University of California, Berkeley. Published in globalbioticinteractions/bat-co-roosting-database Context: Amalau Valley, American Samoa · Jan. 1, 1992 ACS Published in qgroom/bat-co-roosting-database Context: Amalau Valley · July 1, 1992 A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Rose Myrtle Lappet Moth Trabala vishnou Lasiocampidae	is eaten by	1	no location
1 source · 2 records Edward Baker; Ian Kitching; George W Beccaloni; Amoret Whitaker; Steen Dupont; Vincent Smith; John S Noyes (2017). NHM Interactions Bank. https://doi.org/10.5519/0060767. Accessed at <https://data.nhm.ac.uk/dataset/82e807f0-6273-4f19-be0a-7f7558442a25/resource/f84ad9f1-bd0c-4811… Published in globalbioticinteractions/natural-history-museum-london-interactions-bank Record contexts (sample): no place published · no date published; no place published · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Greater Shortnosed Fruit Bat Cynopterus sphinx Pteropodidae	is eaten by	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record Rajan, K. E., N. G. Nair & R. Subbaraj. 1999. Seasonal food preferences of the Indian short nosed fruit bat Cynopterus sphinx (Vahl) (Chiroptera: Pteropodidae). Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 96 (1): 24-27. Published in globalbioticinteractions/batbase Context: Madurai · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Melisomimas metallica Metarbelidae	is eaten by	1	no location
1 source · 1 record Edward Baker; Ian Kitching; George W Beccaloni; Amoret Whitaker; Steen Dupont; Vincent Smith; John S Noyes (2017). NHM Interactions Bank. https://doi.org/10.5519/0060767. Accessed at <https://data.nhm.ac.uk/dataset/82e807f0-6273-4f19-be0a-7f7558442a25/resource/f84ad9f1-bd0c-4811… Published in globalbioticinteractions/natural-history-museum-london-interactions-bank Context: no place published · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 22, by number of studies See more of this type

Pollination

is pollinated by 6 organisms

This term declares that the organism benefits this species. «Visits the flowers of» is a different term and a different block: a visitor is not a pollinator, and merging the two is the measured defect that turned ~88 shared «pollinators» into birds and primates.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
Blue-chinned Emerald Chlorestes notata Trochilidae	is pollinated by	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record Snow, B. K. and Snow, D. W. (1972). Feeding Niches of Hummingbirds in a Trinidad Valley. J. Anim. Ecol., 41, pp. 471–485. Published in globalbioticinteractions/web-of-life Context: no place published · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Ruby-topaz Hummingbird Chrysolampis mosquitus Trochilidae	is pollinated by	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record Snow, B. K. and Snow, D. W. (1972). Feeding Niches of Hummingbirds in a Trinidad Valley. J. Anim. Ecol., 41, pp. 471–485. Published in globalbioticinteractions/web-of-life Context: no place published · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Black-throated Mango Anthracothorax nigricollis Trochilidae	is pollinated by	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record Snow, B. K. and Snow, D. W. (1972). Feeding Niches of Hummingbirds in a Trinidad Valley. J. Anim. Ecol., 41, pp. 471–485. Published in globalbioticinteractions/web-of-life Context: no place published · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Copper-rumped Hummingbird Amazilia tobaci	is pollinated by	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record Snow, B. K. and Snow, D. W. (1972). Feeding Niches of Hummingbirds in a Trinidad Valley. J. Anim. Ecol., 41, pp. 471–485. Published in globalbioticinteractions/web-of-life Context: no place published · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 6, by number of studies See more of this type

Flower visit

has its flowers visited by 6 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it. Visiting a flower is not pollinating it. «Pollinates» is a different term and a different block, and merging the two is the measured defect that turned ~88 shared «pollinators» into birds and primates.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
White-chested Emerald Chrysuronia brevirostris	has its flowers visited by Refuted	1	no location
1 source · 1 record Records of organisms other than plants having flower visitors are probably errors Published in globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol Context: no place published · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Black-throated Mango Anthracothorax nigricollis	has its flowers visited by Refuted	1	no location
1 source · 1 record Records of organisms other than plants having flower visitors are probably errors Published in globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol Context: no place published · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Blue-chinned Emerald Chlorestes notata	has its flowers visited by Refuted	1	no location
1 source · 1 record Records of organisms other than plants having flower visitors are probably errors Published in globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol Context: no place published · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
White-necked Jacobin Florisuga mellivora	has its flowers visited by Refuted	1	no location
1 source · 1 record Records of organisms other than plants having flower visitors are probably errors Published in globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol Context: no place published · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 6, by number of studies See more of this type

interacts with 3 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
kiawe roundheaded borer Placosternus crinicornis Cerambycidae	interacts with	2	not compared
2 sources · 2 records https://scan-bugs.org:443/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=12942413 Published in globalbioticinteractions/uhim Context: Manoa · Jan. 10, 1976 · Preserved specimen https://ecdysis.org/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1955501 Published in globalbioticinteractions/ecdysis Context: Manoa · Jan. 10, 1976 · Preserved specimen A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Pacific Flying Fox Pteropus tonganus Pteropodidae	interacts with	2	no location
2 sources · 3 records Lavery et al., 2020 Published in globalbioticinteractions/aziz2021 Record contexts (sample): Solomon Islands (Temotu Province) · no date published; Vanuatu (Torba Province) · no date published Banack, 1998 Published in globalbioticinteractions/aziz2021 Context: Samoan archipelago · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Ganoderma fulvellum	interacts with	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1084911 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: St. Kitts Botanic Station · Dec. 3, 1925 · Preserved specimen A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 3 of 3, by number of studies

interacts with 3 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
Malva de Caballo Malachra capitata Malvaceae	interacts with	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record https://biorepo.neonscience.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=917842 Published in globalbioticinteractions/neon-biorepo Context: Domain 04, Lajas Experimental Station NEON, Lajas PR, UPR-M experimental station dairy farm · Nov. 2, 2021 · Preserved specimen A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
green panic grass Urochloa maxima Poaceae	interacts with	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record https://biorepo.neonscience.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=917842 Published in globalbioticinteractions/neon-biorepo Context: Domain 04, Lajas Experimental Station NEON, Lajas PR, UPR-M experimental station dairy farm · Nov. 2, 2021 · Preserved specimen A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Donna Grass Bothriochloa pertusa Poaceae	interacts with	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record https://biorepo.neonscience.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=917842 Published in globalbioticinteractions/neon-biorepo Context: Domain 04, Lajas Experimental Station NEON, Lajas PR, UPR-M experimental station dairy farm · Nov. 2, 2021 · Preserved specimen A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 3 of 3, by number of studies

has as a vector 1 organism

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented	Actions
Ants Formicidae Formicidae	has as a vector	1	no location	Not a modelling unit: the source publishes it at family level.
1 source · 1 record @Article{Lord_1997, author = {Janice Lord and Judy Egan and Trevor Clifford and Enrique Jurado and Michelle Leishman and Dick Williams and Mark Westoby}, year = {1997}, title = {{Larger seeds in tropical floras: Consistent patterns independent of growth form and dispersal mode}}… Published in globalbioticinteractions/austraits Context: no place published · Jan. 1, 1995 · field A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 1 of 1, by number of studies

Interaction data from Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI), GloBI 0.11. Each row keeps the citation its own study published.

Interactions are published at species level: they are not resolved by variety or race.

Each block is headed by the source's own term, read from this species' end — not by a category of ours. Two similar terms are not merged.

«Documented here» means the interaction was observed in this territory. It is not evidence that the species is here, and it does not enter the niche model.

Acompañantes documentados

This agronomic reading comes from a source reserved for internal use, so it is not shown here.

Documented uses and recommendations

Uses and recommendations that a source documents for this species beside a crop, each in its own context. They are the source's statements, not traits of the species and not Biolítica's recommendations, and none of them is a relation between two species.

Among the sources you can read, none documents a use or recommendation of this species beside a crop.