Blackboard Tree (Alstonia scholaris)

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Identidad taxonómica

Scientific name: Alstonia scholaris (L.) R.Br.
Canonical name: The scientific name without its authorship or date, for example Zea mays instead of Zea mays L.: Alstonia scholaris
Authorship: The author or authors credited with publishing the scientific name. It is written after the name, sometimes with the year, for example L. (Linnaeus) in Zea mays L. An author in parentheses first published the name in another genus or rank.: (L.) R.Br.
Common names: Blackboard Tree, Chatim, Common Alstonia, Dogbane, Indian devil tree, Milkwood Pine, Milky Pine, Pulai Tree, White Cheesewood, blackboardtree, deviltree, ditabark, milkwood-pine, milky-bean, milky-pine, pali-mari, palmira alstonia, white-pine
Names in other languages (45)
Alistonia, Baltoji alstonija, Cay Sua, Dita, Hoa sữa, Mo Cua, Pulai Hitam, Pulai Itam, Puulaa Puu Teh, Quinquina d'Inde, Sataban, Satba, Sath Taba, Teenpet Khaao, Teufelsbaum, Tin Pet, Tin Pet Dam, Tin Pet Khao, Waser, aasiansaitanpuu, alstonia szkolna, alstónia korková, echite, pulai, saptaparna, tang jiao shu, चितवन, शैतान का पेड़, सातवीण, सैतान, ছাতিম গাছ, ஏகாளி மரம், ஏழிலைக்கள்ளி, ஏழிலைப்பாலை, ఏడాకుల చెట్టు, ಕೆತ್ತೆದ ಮರ [Kette], ಪಾಲೆದ ಮರ [Pale Tree], ഏഴിലംപാല, ตีนเป็ด, พญาสัตบรรณ, ឆ័ត្ររួត, 糖胶树, 糖膠樹, 薩多般羅那, 黑板樹
Kingdom: One of the broadest ranks of biological classification. It groups organisms that share very basic features, for example plants (Plantae), animals (Animalia) or fungi (Fungi).: Plantae
Phylum: Rank below kingdom that groups organisms with a shared general body plan, for example chordates (Chordata), arthropods (Arthropoda) or vascular plants (Tracheophyta). In botany the same rank is also called division.: Tracheophyta
Class: Rank below phylum, for example mammals (Mammalia), birds (Aves), insects (Insecta) or monocot plants such as grasses and orchids (Liliopsida).: Magnoliopsida
Order: Rank below class that groups related families, for example grasses and their relatives (Poales) or bats (Chiroptera).: Gentianales
Family: Rank below order that groups related genera. Family names usually end in -aceae in botany (for example Poaceae, the grass family) and in -idae in zoology (for example Felidae, the cat family).: Apocynaceae
Genus: Rank that groups closely related species. Its name is the first word of a species' scientific name and starts with a capital letter, for example Zea in Zea mays.: Alstonia
Specific epithet: The second word of a species' scientific name. On its own it does not name the species: it always goes with the genus, for example mays in Zea mays.: scholaris
Taxonomic rank: The level a name occupies in the hierarchy of biological classification, such as kingdom, family, genus, species or subspecies.: species
Reference species: Alstonia scholaris
Taxonomic status: Whether the taxonomic catalogue the record comes from currently accepts this name for the organism, or treats it as a synonym of another accepted name or as doubtful.: accepted name

Photos and conservation status

IUCN Red List category: The extinction-risk category that the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) assigns to a species on its Red List. EX Extinct: there is no reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. EW Extinct in the wild: it survives only in cultivation, in captivity or as a population far outside its past range. CR Critically endangered, EN Endangered and VU Vulnerable: the three threatened categories, from an extremely high to a high risk of extinction in the wild. NT Near threatened: close to qualifying as threatened. LC Least concern: evaluated and not threatened. DD Data deficient: there is not enough information to assess its risk. NE Not evaluated: not yet assessed against the criteria. It describes the risk of the species worldwide, not its situation in a project's area.: Least concern (LC)
Source: IUCN Red List via GBIF, queried on 2026-10-09 06:10.

Photo of Alstonia scholaris (L.) R.Br. — Photo: Shiwen Yu · CC0 1.0 · View original image · Original observation

Research-grade iNaturalist observations via GBIF, CC0 or CC BY licences only, queried on 2026-10-09 06:10.

Interacciones documentadas

GloBI says it is documented somewhere in the world. Biolitica answers whether it could happen here.

A documented interaction means it was recorded somewhere in the world. It does not mean it occurs here.

Types shown: 6 of 6 is a host of × is eaten by × is pollinated by × interacts with × has its flowers visited by × is a symbiont of ×

Blocks that do not sit under a navigation concept heading keep the source's own term: no navigation concept has been assigned to them yet.

is a host of 56 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it. In the source ontology symbiosis covers mutualism, commensalism and parasitism alike, so this block holds attackers and allies side by side.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
Meliola alstoniae Meliolaceae	is a host of	13	not compared
13 sources · 13 records https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1617813 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Los Banos · Oct. 1, 1912 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1617814 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Los Banos · Oct. 1, 1912 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1617815 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Sablang, Benguet, Luzon · Dec. 1, 1910 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1617816 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Los Banos · Feb. 1, 1914 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1617817 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Bauguen, Ilocos Sur, Luzon · May 1, 1925 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1617818 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Naguilian Road, Benguet · Jan. 5, 1931 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1617819 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Naguilian Road, Benguet · Jan. 5, 1931 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=11245812 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Los Baños · Oct. 1, 1912 · Preserved specimen And 5 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Anthracnose Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Glomerellaceae	is a host of	5	no location
5 sources · 5 records Mathur, R.S.. 1979. The Coelomycetes of India. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Delhi, India. :460 Published in globalbioticinteractions/usda-fungus-host Context: India · no date published Spaulding, P.. 1961. Foreign Diseases of Forest Trees of the World. U.S.D.A. Agric. Handb. 197:1-361 Published in globalbioticinteractions/usda-fungus-host Context: Philippines · no date published Sarbhoy, A.K., and Agarwal, D.K.. 1990. Descriptions of Tropical Plant Pathogenic Fungi. Set 1.. Malhotra Publ. House, New Delhi :-- Published in globalbioticinteractions/usda-fungus-host Context: India · no date published Sarbhoy, A.K., Lal, G., and Varshney, J.L.. 1971. Fungi of India (1967-71). Navyug Traders, New Delhi :148 Published in globalbioticinteractions/usda-fungus-host Context: India · no date published Chandra, S.. 1974. Some new leaf-spot diseases from Allahabad (India). Beih. Nova Hedwigia 47:35-102 Published in globalbioticinteractions/usda-fungus-host Context: India · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Pseudophacopteron tuberculatum Phacopteronidae	is a host of	3	not compared
3 sources · 3 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/232483943 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · July 28, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/334844378 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Dec. 30, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/336840238 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Jan. 12, 2026 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Gloeosporium alstoniae Dermateaceae	is a host of	3	not compared
3 sources · 3 records https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1258709 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Mt. Maquiling, near Los Banos, Laguna Prov. · Nov. 1, 1914 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1258710 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Mt. Maquiling, near Los Banos, Laguna Prov. · Nov. 1, 1914 · Preserved specimen Teodoro, N.G.. 1937. An Enumeration of Philippine Fungi. Techn. Bull. Dept. Agric. Comm. Manila 4:1-585 Published in globalbioticinteractions/usda-fungus-host Context: Philippines · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 56, by number of studies See more of this type

is eaten by 55 organisms

This term does declare that the organism harms this species.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
Glyphodes bivitralis Crambidae	is eaten by	12	not compared
12 sources · 12 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/99611838 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 28, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/100772743 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Nov. 8, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/100772747 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Nov. 8, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/100772774 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Nov. 9, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/137546667 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 4, 2022 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/62094065 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 7, 2020 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/62094084 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 7, 2020 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/62094092 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 7, 2020 · Human observation And 4 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Pseudophacopteron tuberculatum Phacopteronidae	is eaten by	11	not compared
11 sources · 11 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/199075108 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Feb. 12, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/201550082 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · March 7, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/202937168 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · March 18, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/203325613 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · March 21, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/205497554 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 5, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/207851820 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 18, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/225206630 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · June 25, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/243493641 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Sept. 22, 2024 · Human observation And 3 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Mung Moth Maruca vitrata Crambidae	is eaten by	6	not compared
6 sources · 6 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/99612093 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 28, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/62094066 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 7, 2020 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/62094087 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 7, 2020 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/62094257 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 8, 2020 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/190980134 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 3, 2023 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/190980166 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 3, 2023 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Cydalima laticostalis Crambidae	is eaten by	6	not compared
6 sources · 6 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/322741475 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 14, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/62094063 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 7, 2020 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/190980076 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 3, 2023 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/190980203 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 3, 2023 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/190980274 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 4, 2023 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/190980308 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 4, 2023 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 55, by number of studies See more of this type

Pollination

is pollinated by 17 organisms

This term declares that the organism benefits this species. «Visits the flowers of» is a different term and a different block: a visitor is not a pollinator, and merging the two is the measured defect that turned ~88 shared «pollinators» into birds and primates.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
Red-spot Jezebel Delias descombesi Pieridae	is pollinated by	1	no location
1 source · 1 record Sarkar 2018 Published in globalbioticinteractions/pollinators-of-apocynaceae-database Context: no place published · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Common Leopard Phalanta phalantha Nymphalidae	is pollinated by	1	no location
1 source · 1 record Sarkar 2018 Published in globalbioticinteractions/pollinators-of-apocynaceae-database Context: no place published · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Common Emigrant Catopsilia pomona Pieridae	is pollinated by	1	no location
1 source · 1 record Sarkar 2018 Published in globalbioticinteractions/pollinators-of-apocynaceae-database Context: no place published · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Red Base Jezebel Delias pasithoe Pieridae	is pollinated by	1	no location
1 source · 1 record Sarkar 2018 Published in globalbioticinteractions/pollinators-of-apocynaceae-database Context: no place published · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 17, by number of studies See more of this type

interacts with 5 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
Oleander Hawk-moth Daphnis nerii Sphingidae	interacts with	12	not compared
12 sources · 12 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/199003322 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Feb. 11, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/320621145 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 13, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/320631413 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 13, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/320631494 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 13, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/321043807 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 15, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/321043856 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 15, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/321043879 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 15, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/321043925 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 15, 2025 · Human observation And 4 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Pseudophacopteron tuberculatum Phacopteronidae	interacts with	4	not compared
4 sources · 4 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/228012572 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · March 18, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/228012573 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · March 18, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/330580550 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Dec. 8, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/333369563 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Dec. 20, 2025 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
White-spotted Fantail Rhipidura albogularis Rhipiduridae	interacts with	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/274676957 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 27, 2025 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Coppersmith Barbet Psilopogon haemacephalus Megalaimidae	interacts with	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/113341131 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 29, 2022 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 5, by number of studies See more of this type

Flower visit

has its flowers visited by 2 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it. Visiting a flower is not pollinating it. «Pollinates» is a different term and a different block, and merging the two is the measured defect that turned ~88 shared «pollinators» into birds and primates.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
Golden Birdwing Troides aeacus Papilionidae	has its flowers visited by	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/20346815 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Jan. 22, 2019 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Phocides batabano okeechobee Hesperiidae	has its flowers visited by	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/101172744 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Nov. 6, 2021 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 2 of 2, by number of studies

is a symbiont of 1 organism

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented	Actions
Fungi Including Lichens Fungi	is a symbiont of	1	no location	Not a modelling unit: the source publishes it at kingdom level.
1 source · 2 records Perez TM, Valverde-Barrantes O, Bravo C, Taylor CC, Fadrique B, Hogan JA, Pardo CJ, Stroud JT, Baraloto C, Feeley KJ. 2018. Botanic gardens are an untapped resource for studying the functional traits of tropical plants. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. 374: 201… Published in globalbioticinteractions/fred Record contexts (sample): no place published · no date published; no place published · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 1 of 1, by number of studies

Interaction data from Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI), GloBI 0.11. Each row keeps the citation its own study published.

Interactions are published at species level: they are not resolved by variety or race.

Each block is headed by the source's own term, read from this species' end — not by a category of ours. Two similar terms are not merged.

«Documented here» means the interaction was observed in this territory. It is not evidence that the species is here, and it does not enter the niche model.

Acompañantes documentados

This agronomic reading comes from a source reserved for internal use, so it is not shown here.

Documented uses and recommendations

Uses and recommendations that a source documents for this species beside a crop, each in its own context. They are the source's statements, not traits of the species and not Biolítica's recommendations, and none of them is a relation between two species.

Among the sources you can read, none documents a use or recommendation of this species beside a crop.