Identidad taxonómica

Scientific name
Phytolacca americana L.
Canonical name: The scientific name without its authorship or date, for example Zea mays instead of Zea mays L.
Phytolacca americana
Authorship: The author or authors credited with publishing the scientific name. It is written after the name, sometimes with the year, for example L. (Linnaeus) in Zea mays L. An author in parentheses first published the name in another genus or rank.
L.
Common names
American Nightshade, American Pokeweed, American spinach, Cancer Jalap, Cancer Root, Chongras, Coakum, Common Pokeberry, Common Pokeweed, Garget, Inkberry, Jalap, Kermes Bush, North American pokeweed, Pigeo, Poke, Pigeonberry, Pocan, Pocan Bush, Poke, Pokeberry, Pokeroot, Pokeweed, Red Ink Plant, Red-Ink Plant, Redweed, Scoke, Scoke Berry, Shoke, Virginia Poke, Virginian Poke, Virginian Pokeweed, garnet, pidgeon berry, poke salad, poke sallet
Names in other languages (100)Amerikaanse Karmozijnbes, Amerikanische Kermesbeere, Amerikanische Kermesbeere (DE); American Pokeweed (EN); Hierba carmin (ES), Amerikansk kermesbær, Amerikinė fitolaka, Asiatische Kermesbeere, Carmaz, Cremesina, Cremesina Uva-Turca, Cremesina uva turca, Cârmâz, Faux Vin, Fitolacca americana, Herba tintureira, Herbe à la Laque, Kermesbeere, Kosiba, Phytolaca americanit, Phytolaque d'Amérique, Faux vin, Raisin d'Amérique, Vigne de Judée, Herbe à la laque, Raisin d'Amérique, Phytolaque d'Amérique, Raisin d'Amérique, Phytolaque américaine, Laque végétale, Raisin d'Amerique, Raisin d'Amérique, Raisin d’Amérique, Raïm de moro, Rumeioara, Russett, Scharlakansbär, Shukara, Szkarłatka amerykańska, Teinturier, Tintureira, Uva da colorare, Uva de españa, Uva turca, Vigne de Judée, Vinobojka, Westerse karmozijnbes, a. karmazsinbogyó, agriostafida, alkörmös, ameerika kermesmari, amerikai alkörmös, amerikanskt kermesbär, arbre de tinta, baga-moira, belladona borda, caruru-bravo, chui xu shang lu, erva-dos-cachos-da-india, escopetes, espinacas de America, fitolaca, fruto-de-pombo, grana encarnada, hierba carmín, hierba de la oblea, inkbos, k'áábehíbéshee, karmazsinbogyó, karmosynbos, lännenkermesmarja, lí, líčidlo americké, maamilaneewiaahkwia, navadna barvilnica, osa, o’sheä’, phytolaque américaine, phytolaque d'Amérique, phytolaque damérique, phytolaque d’Amérique, raim de Sant Salvi, raim de guilla, raim de l´escopeta, raim de moro, red stem pokeweed, rem de moro, teinturière, tinge-ovos, tinta, tintilla, tumbi-a-mboiki, uva-da-america, uva-dos-passarinhos, uva-dos-tintureiros, uvas de América, uvas de Indias, uves d'américa, vinagreira, épinard de Cayenne, épinard des Indes, Şekerciboyası, Багрина звичайна, Винобојка, Лаконос американский, פיטולקה, פיטולקה אמריקאית, พิษลักษณ์, アメリカヤマゴボウ, ヨウシュヤマゴボウ
Kingdom: One of the broadest ranks of biological classification. It groups organisms that share very basic features, for example plants (Plantae), animals (Animalia) or fungi (Fungi).
Plantae
Phylum: Rank below kingdom that groups organisms with a shared general body plan, for example chordates (Chordata), arthropods (Arthropoda) or vascular plants (Tracheophyta). In botany the same rank is also called division.
Tracheophyta
Class: Rank below phylum, for example mammals (Mammalia), birds (Aves), insects (Insecta) or monocot plants such as grasses and orchids (Liliopsida).
Magnoliopsida
Order: Rank below class that groups related families, for example grasses and their relatives (Poales) or bats (Chiroptera).
Caryophyllales
Family: Rank below order that groups related genera. Family names usually end in -aceae in botany (for example Poaceae, the grass family) and in -idae in zoology (for example Felidae, the cat family).
Phytolaccaceae
Genus: Rank that groups closely related species. Its name is the first word of a species' scientific name and starts with a capital letter, for example Zea in Zea mays.
Phytolacca
Specific epithet: The second word of a species' scientific name. On its own it does not name the species: it always goes with the genus, for example mays in Zea mays.
americana
Taxonomic rank: The level a name occupies in the hierarchy of biological classification, such as kingdom, family, genus, species or subspecies.
species
Reference species
Phytolacca americana
Taxonomic status: Whether the taxonomic catalogue the record comes from currently accepts this name for the organism, or treats it as a synonym of another accepted name or as doubtful.
accepted name

Photos and conservation status

IUCN Red List category: The extinction-risk category that the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) assigns to a species on its Red List. EX Extinct: there is no reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. EW Extinct in the wild: it survives only in cultivation, in captivity or as a population far outside its past range. CR Critically endangered, EN Endangered and VU Vulnerable: the three threatened categories, from an extremely high to a high risk of extinction in the wild. NT Near threatened: close to qualifying as threatened. LC Least concern: evaluated and not threatened. DD Data deficient: there is not enough information to assess its risk. NE Not evaluated: not yet assessed against the criteria. It describes the risk of the species worldwide, not its situation in a project's area.
Not available.

No photos have been requested for this species yet.

Interacciones documentadas

GloBI says it is documented somewhere in the world. Biolitica answers whether it could happen here.

A documented interaction means it was recorded somewhere in the world. It does not mean it occurs here.

Types shown: 12 of 12 is eaten by × interacts with (this species is the record's destination) × has its flowers visited by × interacts with (this species is the record's origin) × is visited by × is a host of × is pollinated by × is an arbuscular mycorrhizal host of × visits × eats × has as a host × has as a pathogen ×

Blocks that do not sit under a navigation concept heading keep the source's own term: no navigation concept has been assigned to them yet.

is eaten by 131 organisms

This term does declare that the organism harms this species.

Organism Reads as Studies Where it was documented Actions
Blackbird Turdus merula Turdidae is eaten by 4 not compared
American Robin Turdus migratorius Turdidae is eaten by 4 not compared
Eurasian Jay Garrulus glandarius Corvidae is eaten by 4 not compared
Cedar Waxwing Bombycilla cedrorum Bombycillidae is eaten by 4 not compared
Showing 4 of 131, by number of studies See more of this type

interacts with 117 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it.

Organism Reads as Studies Where it was documented Actions
Potyvirus phytolaccae Potyviridae interacts with 82 not compared
Pholeomyia myopa Milichiidae interacts with 10 not compared
Lasioglossum nymphale Halictidae interacts with 6 not compared
Myzinum maculatum interacts with 6 no location
Showing 4 of 117, by number of studies See more of this type

Flower visit

has its flowers visited by 93 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it. Visiting a flower is not pollinating it. «Pollinates» is a different term and a different block, and merging the two is the measured defect that turned ~88 shared «pollinators» into birds and primates.

Organism Reads as Studies Where it was documented Actions
European Honey Bee Apis mellifera Apidae has its flowers visited by 11 not compared
Eastern Calligrapher Toxomerus geminatus Syrphidae has its flowers visited by 9 not compared
Humped Beewolf Philanthus gibbosus Crabronidae has its flowers visited by 6 not compared
Dialictus Halictidae has its flowers visited by 5 not compared Not a modelling unit: the source publishes it at genus level.
Showing 4 of 93, by number of studies See more of this type

interacts with 67 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it.

Organism Reads as Studies Where it was documented Actions
American pokeweed Phytolacca americana Phytolaccaceae interacts with 4 not compared
Common Jewelweed Impatiens capensis Balsaminaceae interacts with 2 not compared
American pokeweed Phytolacca americana americana Phytolaccaceae interacts with 2 not compared
Potyvirus phytolaccae Potyviridae interacts with 2 not compared
Showing 4 of 67, by number of studies See more of this type

is visited by 61 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it.

Organism Reads as Studies Where it was documented Actions
Perennial Mason Wasp Parancistrocerus perennis Eumenidae is visited by 3 not compared
Eastern Calligrapher Toxomerus geminatus Syrphidae is visited by 2 not compared
Northern Cardinal Cardinalis cardinalis Cardinalidae is visited by 2 not compared
Fraternal Potter Wasp Eumenes fraternus Vespidae is visited by 2 not compared
Showing 4 of 61, by number of studies See more of this type

is a host of 43 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it. In the source ontology symbiosis covers mutualism, commensalism and parasitism alike, so this block holds attackers and allies side by side.

Organism Reads as Studies Where it was documented Actions
Potyvirus phytolaccae Potyviridae is a host of 23 not compared
Cercospora flagellaris Mycosphaerellaceae is a host of 20 not compared
Septoria phytolaccae Mycosphaerellaceae is a host of 4 not compared
Klituitbreekkogeltje Diaporthe arctii Diaporthaceae is a host of 3 not compared
Showing 4 of 43, by number of studies See more of this type

Pollination

is pollinated by 14 organisms

This term declares that the organism benefits this species. «Visits the flowers of» is a different term and a different block: a visitor is not a pollinator, and merging the two is the measured defect that turned ~88 shared «pollinators» into birds and primates.

Organism Reads as Studies Where it was documented Actions
Least Furrow Bee Lasioglossum minutissimum Halictidae is pollinated by 1 not compared
Common Yellow-face Bee Hylaeus communis Colletidae is pollinated by 1 not compared
Band-eyed Drone Fly Eristalinus taeniops Syrphidae is pollinated by 1 not compared
Lasioglossum Halictidae is pollinated by 1 no location Not a modelling unit: the source publishes it at genus level.
Showing 4 of 14, by number of studies See more of this type

is an arbuscular mycorrhizal host of 4 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it.

Organism Reads as Studies Where it was documented Actions
Septoglomus constrictum is an arbuscular mycorrhizal host of 1 not compared
Rhizophagus intraradices Glomeraceae is an arbuscular mycorrhizal host of 1 not compared
Glomus sp. Glomeraceae is an arbuscular mycorrhizal host of 1 no location Not a modelling unit: the source did not resolve a species — the name carries an open-nomenclature qualifier.
Septoglomus viscosum Glomeraceae is an arbuscular mycorrhizal host of 1 not compared
Showing 4 of 4, by number of studies

visits 2 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it.

Organism Reads as Studies Where it was documented Actions
Japanese knotweed Reynoutria japonica Polygonaceae visits 1 not compared
sweet autumn clematis Clematis terniflora visits 1 not compared
Showing 2 of 2, by number of studies

eats 1 organism

This term declares that the organism benefits this species.

Organism Reads as Studies Where it was documented Actions
American pokeweed Phytolacca americana Phytolaccaceae eats 1 not compared
Showing 1 of 1, by number of studies

has as a host 1 organism

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it. In the source ontology symbiosis covers mutualism, commensalism and parasitism alike, so this block holds attackers and allies side by side.

Organism Reads as Studies Where it was documented Actions
American pokeweed Phytolacca americana Phytolaccaceae has as a host 1 not compared
Showing 1 of 1, by number of studies

has as a pathogen 1 organism

This term does declare that the organism harms this species. It is a narrow block, and it cannot be the only one that is read: the most frequent term in the catalogue is the one above, which declares no harm, so much of what a reader would call a pest arrives there instead.

Organism Reads as Studies Where it was documented Actions
Potyvirus phytolaccae Potyviridae has as a pathogen 3 not compared
Showing 1 of 1, by number of studies

Acompañantes documentados

This agronomic reading comes from a source reserved for internal use, so it is not shown here.

Documented uses and recommendations

Uses and recommendations that a source documents for this species beside a crop, each in its own context. They are the source's statements, not traits of the species and not Biolítica's recommendations, and none of them is a relation between two species.

Among the sources you can read, none documents a use or recommendation of this species beside a crop.