European Honey Bee (Apis mellifera)

GloBI says it is documented somewhere in the world. Biolitica answers whether it could happen here.

A documented interaction means it was recorded somewhere in the world. It does not mean it occurs here.

Types shown: 12 of 20 visits the flowers of × interacts with (this species is the record's origin) × eats × pollinates × visits × interacts with (this species is the record's destination) × is preyed upon by × has as a host × is eaten by × is a mutualist of × has its flowers visited by × is a host of × 8 more types with data for this species

visits the flowers of more than 1824 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it. Visiting a flower is not pollinating it. «Pollinates» is a different term and a different block, and merging the two is the measured defect that turned ~88 shared «pollinators» into birds and primates.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented	Actions
Kenya Clover Trifolium repens Fabaceae	visits the flowers of	1266	not compared
1266 sources · 1878 records G.N. Stone et al., 2017. Dataset: Insect Pollinators Archive. Natural History Museum Data Portal (data.nhm.ac.uk). NHM Portal, doi:10.5519/0062900 Published in globalbioticinteractions/dopi Record contexts (sample): no place published · Jan. 1, 2011 · DO; no place published · Jan. 1, 2011 · DO Ollerton, J., Trunschke, J. ., Havens, K. ., Landaverde-González, P. ., Keller, A. ., Gilpin, A.-M. ., Rodrigo Rech, A. ., Baronio, G. J. ., Phillips, B. J., Mackin, C. ., Stanley, D. A., Treanore, E. ., Baker, E. ., Rotheray, E. L., Erickson, E. ., Fornoff, F. ., Brearley, F. Q… Published in globalbioticinteractions/ollerton2022 Record contexts (sample): no place published · no date published; no place published · no date published 2012. Published in zedomel/magrach2017 Record contexts (sample): no place published · Jan. 1, 2012; no place published · Jan. 1, 2012 2011. Published in zedomel/magrach2017 Record contexts (sample): no place published · Jan. 1, 2011; no place published · Jan. 1, 2011 K. A. Orford et al., 2016. Modest enhancements to conventional grassland diversity improve the provision of pollination services. Journal of Applied Ecology, 53. doi:10.1111/1365-2664.12608 Published in globalbioticinteractions/dopi Record contexts (sample): no place published · Jan. 1, 2012 · DO; no place published · Jan. 1, 2012 · DO Records of organisms other than plants having flower visitors are probably errors Published in globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol Record contexts (sample): no place published · no date published; no place published · no date published Clint Otto, Russ Bryant, and Ned H. Euliss Jr., 2020, The U.S. Geological Survey Pollinator Library Dataset: U.S. Geological Survey. https://doi.org/10.5066/P9DSS3VL. Accessed at <https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5f076d2082ce21d4c3fb7426?f=__disk__c5%2F05%2Fa4%2Fc505… Published in globalbioticinteractions/usgs-pollinator-library Record contexts (sample): North Dakota · Sept. 10, 2015; North Dakota · June 20, 2016 T. J. Wood et al., 2015. Pollinator-friendly management does not increase the diversity of farmland bees and wasps. Biological Conservation, 187. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2015.04.022 Published in globalbioticinteractions/dopi Record contexts (sample): no place published · Jan. 1, 2014 · DO; no place published · Jan. 1, 2013 · DO And 1258 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
goldenrod Solidago Asteraceae	visits the flowers of	1045	not compared	Not a modelling unit: the source publishes it at genus level.
1045 sources · 1069 records Records of organisms other than plants having flower visitors are probably errors Published in globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol Record contexts (sample): no place published · no date published; no place published · no date published https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/4155883 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · Sept. 20, 2016 · Human observation; no place published · Sept. 20, 2016 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/3963494 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · Aug. 25, 2016 · Human observation; no place published · Aug. 25, 2016 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/7937247 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · Sept. 9, 2017 · Human observation; no place published · Sept. 9, 2017 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/7968982 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · Sept. 17, 2017 · Human observation; no place published · Sept. 17, 2017 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/314422802 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · Sept. 16, 2025 · Human observation; no place published · Sept. 16, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/314638357 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · Sept. 17, 2025 · Human observation; no place published · Sept. 17, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/314928236 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · Sept. 18, 2025 · Human observation; no place published · Sept. 18, 2025 · Human observation And 1037 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
ogräsmaskrosor Taraxacum Asteraceae	visits the flowers of	1007	not compared	Not a modelling unit: the source publishes it at genus level.
1007 sources · 1019 records Records of organisms other than plants having flower visitors are probably errors Published in globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol Record contexts (sample): no place published · no date published; no place published · no date published https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/210971488 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · April 28, 2024 · Human observation; no place published · April 28, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/216381632 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · May 17, 2024 · Human observation; no place published · May 17, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/217758387 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · April 30, 2024 · Human observation; no place published · April 30, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/116857665 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · May 13, 2022 · Human observation; no place published · May 13, 2022 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/236401480 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · April 28, 2024 · Human observation; no place published · April 28, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/357504740 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · May 1, 2026 · Human observation; no place published · May 1, 2026 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/45031655 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · May 5, 2020 · Human observation; no place published · May 5, 2020 · Human observation And 999 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Bloodflower Asclepias syriaca Apocynaceae	visits the flowers of	610	not compared
610 sources · 715 records Clint Otto, Russ Bryant, and Ned H. Euliss Jr., 2020, The U.S. Geological Survey Pollinator Library Dataset: U.S. Geological Survey. https://doi.org/10.5066/P9DSS3VL. Accessed at <https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/file/get/5f076d2082ce21d4c3fb7426?f=__disk__c5%2F05%2Fa4%2Fc505… Published in globalbioticinteractions/usgs-pollinator-library Record contexts (sample): North Dakota · July 8, 2015; North Dakota · July 8, 2015 Records of organisms other than plants having flower visitors are probably errors Published in globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol Record contexts (sample): no place published · no date published; no place published · no date published Ollerton, J., Trunschke, J. ., Havens, K. ., Landaverde-González, P. ., Keller, A. ., Gilpin, A.-M. ., Rodrigo Rech, A. ., Baronio, G. J. ., Phillips, B. J., Mackin, C. ., Stanley, D. A., Treanore, E. ., Baker, E. ., Rotheray, E. L., Erickson, E. ., Fornoff, F. ., Brearley, F. Q… Published in globalbioticinteractions/ollerton2022 Record contexts (sample): no place published · no date published; no place published · no date published https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/321543731 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · July 8, 2024 · Human observation; no place published · July 8, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/124736515 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · July 4, 2022 · Human observation; no place published · July 4, 2022 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/125374816 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · July 8, 2022 · Human observation; no place published · July 8, 2022 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/370197325 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · June 9, 2026 · Human observation; no place published · June 9, 2026 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/370511407 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · June 10, 2026 · Human observation; no place published · June 10, 2026 · Human observation And 602 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 1824, by number of studies See more of this type

has its flowers visited by more than 22 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it. Visiting a flower is not pollinating it. «Pollinates» is a different term and a different block, and merging the two is the measured defect that turned ~88 shared «pollinators» into birds and primates.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented	Actions
European Honey Bee Apis mellifera Apidae	has its flowers visited by	169	not compared
169 sources · 170 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/104759868 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · Jan. 9, 2022 · Human observation; no place published · Jan. 9, 2022 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/102023193 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 8, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/102029037 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 8, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/102029535 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 8, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/102029687 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 8, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/102040856 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 8, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/102041134 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 8, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/102043718 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 22, 2021 · Human observation And 161 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Anthophila Choreutidae	has its flowers visited by	8	not compared	Not a modelling unit: the source publishes it at genus level.
8 sources · 8 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/203411009 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · March 21, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/206286696 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 9, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/206287542 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 9, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/206287919 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 9, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/206288394 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 9, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/206651783 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 11, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/206652823 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 11, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/207395295 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 12, 2024 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Rosemary Salvia rosmarinus	has its flowers visited by	4	not compared
4 sources · 4 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/251026885 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Nov. 9, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/67843425 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Nov. 22, 2020 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/81797593 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Jan. 17, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/81821869 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · March 14, 2021 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Apis Apidae	has its flowers visited by	3	not compared	Not a modelling unit: the source publishes it at genus level.
3 sources · 3 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/102041012 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 8, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/102042069 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 22, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/115287690 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 9, 2022 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 22, by number of studies See more of this type

interacts with more than 800 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented	Actions
Cherry Prunus Rosaceae	interacts with	3234	not compared	Not a modelling unit: the source publishes it at genus level.
3234 sources · 3234 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/200420749 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Feb. 24, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/9770156 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Feb. 7, 2018 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/9770157 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Feb. 7, 2018 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/19454340 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Feb. 18, 2017 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/347040490 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 2, 2026 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/42332033 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 9, 2020 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/275422929 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 28, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/275423883 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 28, 2025 · Human observation And 3226 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
apple Malus Rosaceae	interacts with	2276	not compared	Not a modelling unit: the source publishes it at genus level.
2276 sources · 2279 records Digital Bee Collections Network, 2014 (and updates). Version: 2016-03-08. National Science Foundation grant DBI 0956388 Published in globalbioticinteractions/arthropodEasyCaptureAMNH Record contexts (sample): Aquinnah, Red Gate Farm, 41° 19.502'N, 70° 47.417'W · May 21, 2011 · Preserved specimen; Aquinnah, Red Gate Farm, 41° 19.502'N, 70° 47.417'W · May 21, 2011 · LabelObservation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/208793513 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 22, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/112198347 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 20, 2022 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/25487784 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 18, 2019 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/155258593 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 17, 2023 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/68421656 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · March 13, 2016 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/68684349 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · March 13, 2016 · Human observation https://scan-bugs.org:443/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=65856803 Published in globalbioticinteractions/psuc-ento Context: Dave Slaybaugh Piney Apple · April 25, 2011 · Preserved specimen And 2268 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
tamarisk Tamarix Tamaricaceae	interacts with	1120	not compared	Not a modelling unit: the source publishes it at genus level.
1120 sources · 2240 records urn:catalog:USDA-ARS:BBSL:BBSL385176 Published in globalbioticinteractions/usgs-bison Record contexts (sample): no place published · June 20, 2000 · Preserved specimen; no place published · June 20, 2000 · Preserved specimen urn:catalog:USDA-ARS:BBSL:BBSL442211 Published in globalbioticinteractions/usgs-bison Record contexts (sample): no place published · June 12, 2002 · Preserved specimen; no place published · June 12, 2002 · Preserved specimen urn:catalog:USDA-ARS:BBSL:BBSL460162 Published in globalbioticinteractions/usgs-bison Record contexts (sample): no place published · May 17, 2002 · Preserved specimen; no place published · May 17, 2002 · Preserved specimen urn:catalog:USDA-ARS:BBSL:BBSL442175 Published in globalbioticinteractions/usgs-bison Record contexts (sample): no place published · June 25, 2002 · Preserved specimen; no place published · June 25, 2002 · Preserved specimen urn:catalog:USDA-ARS:BBSL:BBSL442189 Published in globalbioticinteractions/usgs-bison Record contexts (sample): no place published · June 25, 2002 · Preserved specimen; no place published · June 25, 2002 · Preserved specimen urn:catalog:USDA-ARS:BBSL:BBSL442181 Published in globalbioticinteractions/usgs-bison Record contexts (sample): no place published · June 25, 2002 · Preserved specimen; no place published · June 25, 2002 · Preserved specimen urn:catalog:USDA-ARS:BBSL:BBSL442296 Published in globalbioticinteractions/usgs-bison Record contexts (sample): no place published · June 25, 2002 · Preserved specimen; no place published · June 25, 2002 · Preserved specimen urn:catalog:USDA-ARS:BBSL:BBSL454456 Published in globalbioticinteractions/usgs-bison Record contexts (sample): no place published · June 11, 2002 · Preserved specimen; no place published · June 11, 2002 · Preserved specimen And 1112 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
White Melilot Melilotus albus Fabaceae	interacts with	450	not compared
450 sources · 822 records urn:catalog:USDA-ARS:BBSL:BBSL435819 Published in globalbioticinteractions/usgs-bison Record contexts (sample): no place published · Aug. 7, 2002 · Preserved specimen; no place published · Aug. 7, 2002 · Preserved specimen urn:catalog:USDA-ARS:BBSL:BBSL445418 Published in globalbioticinteractions/usgs-bison Record contexts (sample): no place published · July 17, 2002 · Preserved specimen; no place published · July 17, 2002 · Preserved specimen urn:catalog:USDA-ARS:BBSL:BBSL445419 Published in globalbioticinteractions/usgs-bison Record contexts (sample): no place published · July 17, 2002 · Preserved specimen; no place published · July 17, 2002 · Preserved specimen urn:catalog:USDA-ARS:BBSL:BBSL457907 Published in globalbioticinteractions/usgs-bison Record contexts (sample): no place published · Aug. 4, 2002 · Preserved specimen; no place published · Aug. 4, 2002 · Preserved specimen urn:catalog:USDA-ARS:BBSL:BBSL435820 Published in globalbioticinteractions/usgs-bison Record contexts (sample): no place published · Aug. 7, 2002 · Preserved specimen; no place published · Aug. 7, 2002 · Preserved specimen urn:catalog:USDA-ARS:BBSL:BBSL445421 Published in globalbioticinteractions/usgs-bison Record contexts (sample): no place published · July 17, 2002 · Preserved specimen; no place published · July 17, 2002 · Preserved specimen urn:catalog:USDA-ARS:BBSL:BBSL435821 Published in globalbioticinteractions/usgs-bison Record contexts (sample): no place published · Aug. 7, 2002 · Preserved specimen; no place published · Aug. 7, 2002 · Preserved specimen urn:catalog:USDA-ARS:BBSL:BBSL445423 Published in globalbioticinteractions/usgs-bison Record contexts (sample): no place published · July 17, 2002 · Preserved specimen; no place published · July 17, 2002 · Preserved specimen And 442 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 800, by number of studies See more of this type

eats more than 744 organisms

This term declares that the organism benefits this species.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented	Actions
Rosemary Salvia rosmarinus	eats	643	not compared
643 sources · 644 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/39498124 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · March 3, 2020 · Human observation; no place published · March 3, 2020 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/98737622 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 19, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/197570166 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Jan. 25, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/202499 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Feb. 20, 2013 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/98942597 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 22, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/98942746 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 22, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/197742501 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Jan. 27, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/197760635 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Jan. 27, 2024 · Human observation And 635 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Kenya Clover Trifolium repens Fabaceae	eats	509	not compared
509 sources · 511 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/340651384 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · Feb. 28, 2026 · Human observation; no place published · Feb. 28, 2026 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/59869039 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · Sept. 16, 2020 · Human observation; no place published · Sept. 16, 2020 · Human observation Meagan Simons (Expert) Published in globalbioticinteractions/hale2024 Context: no place published · no date published Jordon Tourville (Expert) Published in globalbioticinteractions/hale2024 Context: no place published · no date published Montoya, P.M. (2011) Uso de recursos florales poliníferos por Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera:Apidae) en apiarios de la Sabana de Bogotá y alrededores. Tesis de Maestría. Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá D.C. Published in globalbioticinteractions/delrisco2021 Context: Bogotá, Colombia · no date published https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/72229 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 26, 2012 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/81840 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 19, 2012 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/296138214 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · July 7, 2025 · Human observation And 501 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Lavender Lavandula Lamiaceae	eats	323	not compared	Not a modelling unit: the source publishes it at genus level.
323 sources · 324 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/44156067 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · April 25, 2020 · Human observation; no place published · April 25, 2020 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/98915661 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 21, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/199948442 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Feb. 20, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/101229537 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Nov. 15, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/101783234 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Nov. 23, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/102267617 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Nov. 15, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/102566159 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Dec. 5, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/1896983 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 27, 2015 · Human observation And 315 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
sage Salvia Lamiaceae	eats	269	not compared	Not a modelling unit: the source publishes it at genus level.
269 sources · 269 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/99478640 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 26, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/99649320 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 28, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/99666973 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 28, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/99667075 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 28, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/99914728 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 31, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/100345291 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Nov. 5, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/101048292 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Nov. 13, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/101049902 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Nov. 13, 2021 · Human observation And 261 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 744, by number of studies See more of this type

pollinates more than 646 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it. «Visits the flowers of» is a different term and a different block: a visitor is not a pollinator, and merging the two is the measured defect that turned ~88 shared «pollinators» into birds and primates.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
Kenya Clover Trifolium repens Fabaceae	pollinates	19	not compared
19 sources · 6820 records Lanuza et al. (2025), EuPPollNet: A European Database of Plant-Pollinator Networks. Global Ecol Biogeogr, 34: e70000. https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.70000. Accessed at <https://github.com/JoseBSL/EuPPollNet/archive/31716d21d5aad8c27c1d91dd0620149ef42e8836.zip> on 04 Sep 2026. Published in JoseBSL/EuPPollNet Record contexts (sample): Popova Šapka · June 8, 2014 · Transect; Nesměř · July 21, 2013 · Transect Weiner2014 Published in globalbioticinteractions/schwarz2021 Record contexts (sample): no place published · June 4, 2008; no place published · June 4, 2008 Guzman, Laura Melissa; Kelly, Tyler; Elle, Elizabeth, 2022, "A dataset for pollinator diversity and their interactions with plants in the Pacific NorthWest", https://doi.org/10.5683/SP3/WTEZNH, Borealis, V1. Accessed at <https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/guzman2022/arc… Published in globalbioticinteractions/guzman2022 Record contexts (sample): Pitt Meadows R2, Gaskin Farm · Jan. 1, 2016; Pitt Meadows R1, Biln-Reichenbach Farm · Jan. 1, 2016 doi:10.1007/s00442-022-05151-6 Published in JoseBSL/EuPPollNet Record contexts (sample): Borgo Valsugana · June 26, 2019 · Focal_observation; Borgo Valsugana · June 26, 2019 · Focal_observation doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0263576 Published in JoseBSL/EuPPollNet Record contexts (sample): Jarnoltowek · June 25, 2018 · Transect; Jarnoltowek · June 25, 2018 · Transect doi:10.1111/1365-2664.12907 Published in JoseBSL/EuPPollNet Record contexts (sample): NA · July 16, 2013 · Transect; NA · July 16, 2013 · Transect doi:10.1111/ddi.13132 Published in JoseBSL/EuPPollNet Record contexts (sample): Pergine Valsugana · June 18, 2018 · Focal_observation; Pergine Valsugana · June 18, 2018 · Focal_observation doi:10.1111/ele.12657 Published in JoseBSL/EuPPollNet Record contexts (sample): NA · July 19, 2011 · Transect; NA · July 25, 2012 · Transect And 11 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Common Bird's-foot-trefoil Lotus corniculatus Fabaceae	pollinates	17	not compared
17 sources · 1573 records Lanuza et al. (2025), EuPPollNet: A European Database of Plant-Pollinator Networks. Global Ecol Biogeogr, 34: e70000. https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.70000. Accessed at <https://github.com/JoseBSL/EuPPollNet/archive/31716d21d5aad8c27c1d91dd0620149ef42e8836.zip> on 04 Sep 2026. Published in JoseBSL/EuPPollNet Record contexts (sample): Predel · Sept. 2, 2014 · Transect; Predel · Sept. 2, 2014 · Transect doi:10.1111/ddi.13132 Published in JoseBSL/EuPPollNet Record contexts (sample): Pergine Valsugana · June 18, 2018 · Focal_observation; Scurelle · June 10, 2018 · Focal_observation doi:10.1007/s00442-022-05151-6 Published in JoseBSL/EuPPollNet Record contexts (sample): Valli del Pasubio · July 16, 2019 · Focal_observation; Valli del Pasubio · July 16, 2019 · Focal_observation Guzman, Laura Melissa; Kelly, Tyler; Elle, Elizabeth, 2022, "A dataset for pollinator diversity and their interactions with plants in the Pacific NorthWest", https://doi.org/10.5683/SP3/WTEZNH, Borealis, V1. Accessed at <https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/guzman2022/arc… Published in globalbioticinteractions/guzman2022 Record contexts (sample): Lower Seymour Conservation Reserve (restored), North Vancouver · Jan. 1, 2013; Tynehead Regional Park (restored), Surrey · Jan. 1, 2013 Weiner2014 Published in globalbioticinteractions/schwarz2021 Record contexts (sample): no place published · Aug. 14, 2012; no place published · Aug. 10, 2008 doi:10.1111/1365-2664.12907 Published in JoseBSL/EuPPollNet Record contexts (sample): NA · July 16, 2013 · Transect; NA · June 13, 2013 · Transect doi:10.1111/ele.13892 Published in JoseBSL/EuPPollNet Record contexts (sample): Strani · June 17, 2019 · Transect; Strani · June 17, 2019 · Transect doi:10.1111/gcb.12968 Published in JoseBSL/EuPPollNet Record contexts (sample): NA · June 5, 2010 · Plot; NA · July 1, 2010 · Plot And 9 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Bloodflower Asclepias syriaca Apocynaceae	pollinates	15	not compared
15 sources · 15 records D. Yanega unpublished Published in globalbioticinteractions/pollinators-of-apocynaceae-database Context: no place published · no date published Betz et al.1994 Published in globalbioticinteractions/pollinators-of-apocynaceae-database Context: no place published · no date published Kephart 1979 Published in globalbioticinteractions/pollinators-of-apocynaceae-database Context: no place published · no date published Macior 1965 Published in globalbioticinteractions/pollinators-of-apocynaceae-database Context: no place published · no date published Bhowmik & Bandeen 1978 Published in globalbioticinteractions/pollinators-of-apocynaceae-database Context: no place published · no date published Southwick 1983 Published in globalbioticinteractions/pollinators-of-apocynaceae-database Context: no place published · no date published Willson & Bertin 1979 Published in globalbioticinteractions/pollinators-of-apocynaceae-database Context: no place published · no date published Willson & Price 1977 Published in globalbioticinteractions/pollinators-of-apocynaceae-database Context: no place published · no date published And 7 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Creeping Thistle Cirsium arvense Asteraceae	pollinates	12	not compared
12 sources · 1660 records Lanuza et al. (2025), EuPPollNet: A European Database of Plant-Pollinator Networks. Global Ecol Biogeogr, 34: e70000. https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.70000. Accessed at <https://github.com/JoseBSL/EuPPollNet/archive/31716d21d5aad8c27c1d91dd0620149ef42e8836.zip> on 04 Sep 2026. Published in JoseBSL/EuPPollNet Record contexts (sample): Tilkerode · July 15, 2021 · Transect; Greifenhagen · July 10, 2021 · Transect doi:10.1007/s00442-022-05151-6 Published in JoseBSL/EuPPollNet Record contexts (sample): Bassano del Grappa · June 13, 2019 · Focal_observation; Bassano del Grappa · June 13, 2019 · Focal_observation doi:10.1111/ddi.13132 Published in JoseBSL/EuPPollNet Record contexts (sample): Pergine Valsugana · July 26, 2018 · Focal_observation; Pergine Valsugana · July 10, 2018 · Focal_observation doi:10.3389/fevo.2022.806615 Published in JoseBSL/EuPPollNet Record contexts (sample): East Leinster (Ireland) · July 9, 2018 · Transect; East Leinster (Ireland) · July 8, 2018 · Transect doi:10.1111/1365-2664.12060 Published in JoseBSL/EuPPollNet Record contexts (sample): Farms in south-east Ireland · Aug. 4, 2009 · Transect; Farms in south-east Ireland · July 29, 2009 · Transect doi:10.1111/ele.12657 Published in JoseBSL/EuPPollNet Record contexts (sample): NA · Aug. 1, 2012 · Transect; NA · Aug. 2, 2013 · Transect doi:10.1111/1365-2664.13658 Published in JoseBSL/EuPPollNet Record contexts (sample): Chize · Aug. 6, 2015 · Transect; Chize · July 29, 2015 · Transect Guzman, Laura Melissa; Kelly, Tyler; Elle, Elizabeth, 2022, "A dataset for pollinator diversity and their interactions with plants in the Pacific NorthWest", https://doi.org/10.5683/SP3/WTEZNH, Borealis, V1. Accessed at <https://github.com/globalbioticinteractions/guzman2022/arc… Published in globalbioticinteractions/guzman2022 Record contexts (sample): Pacific Spirit Park (MOA,restored), Vancouver · Jan. 1, 2013; Centennial Beach (restored), Tsawwassen · Jan. 1, 2013 And 4 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 646, by number of studies See more of this type

visits more than 403 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented	Actions
ogräsmaskrosor Taraxacum Asteraceae	visits	358	not compared	Not a modelling unit: the source publishes it at genus level.
358 sources · 358 records Fitzpatrick Ú., Murray T., Brown, M. & Paxton, R. (2003-2006) The conservation of Irish bees. TCD-QUB research project. Published in globalbioticinteractions/bees-of-ireland Context: Donegal Airport · April 13, 2004 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/296322417 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 2, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/102478339 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · June 26, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/300238652 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · July 21, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/204257897 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · March 28, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/204272661 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · March 22, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/204551926 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · March 30, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/204974677 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · March 30, 2024 · Human observation And 350 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Green Alkanet Pentaglottis sempervirens Boraginaceae	visits	123	not compared
123 sources · 123 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/209516260 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 26, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/209522675 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 26, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/209525311 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 26, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/209528534 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 26, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/210203112 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 27, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/210744838 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 28, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/211582232 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 29, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/211592140 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 29, 2024 · Human observation And 115 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
goldenrod Solidago Asteraceae	visits	96	not compared	Not a modelling unit: the source publishes it at genus level.
96 sources · 96 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/103343247 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Sept. 11, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/103343276 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Sept. 11, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/103447530 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Sept. 17, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/2604207 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 22, 2015 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/2605859 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 22, 2015 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/303812596 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 3, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/308136416 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 21, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/6097041 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Sept. 24, 2016 · Human observation And 88 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Blunt Mountain-mint Pycnanthemum muticum Lamiaceae	visits	82	not compared
82 sources · 82 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/295559877 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · July 3, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/295560136 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · July 3, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/295562406 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · July 3, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/295562656 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · July 3, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/295563889 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · July 3, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/295564950 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · July 3, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/296807008 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · July 9, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/100740336 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Sept. 2, 2021 · Human observation And 74 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 403, by number of studies See more of this type

interacts with more than 233 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
European Honey Bee Apis mellifera Apidae	interacts with	51	not compared
51 sources · 53 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/271613011 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · April 19, 2025 · Human observation; no place published · April 19, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/67398530 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · Dec. 29, 2020 · Human observation; no place published · Dec. 29, 2020 · Human observation A. Thessen. 2014. Species associations extracted from EOL text data objects via text mining. Accessed at <https://github.com/EOL/pseudonitzchia/archive/e5838965a186fba4b7215cd0d179c4526773bad5.zip> on 04 Sep 2026. Published in EOL/pseudonitzchia Context: no place published · no date published https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/101953628 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Nov. 26, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/300505483 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · July 22, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/108656171 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · March 3, 2022 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/5638129 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 25, 2016 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/311622684 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Sept. 1, 2025 · Human observation And 43 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Asian Hornet Vespa velutina Vespidae	interacts with	51	not compared
51 sources · 51 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/99427283 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 25, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/99604470 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 27, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/101632599 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Nov. 21, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/111802636 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 17, 2022 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/114565485 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 1, 2022 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/116928986 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 12, 2022 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/119899016 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 8, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/119899021 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Sept. 18, 2021 · Human observation And 43 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Goldenrod Crab Spider Misumena vatia Thomisidae	interacts with	11	not compared
11 sources · 11 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/10824518 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 20, 2009 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/122076545 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · June 16, 2022 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/227411625 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · July 6, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/30929692 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · July 3, 2019 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/44946678 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 5, 2020 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/51412970 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · June 29, 2020 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/172888049 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · July 14, 2023 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/80039459 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 23, 2021 · Human observation And 3 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Kenya Clover Trifolium repens Fabaceae	interacts with	10	not compared
10 sources · 10 records A. Thessen. 2014. Species associations extracted from EOL text data objects via text mining. Accessed at <https://github.com/EOL/pseudonitzchia/archive/e5838965a186fba4b7215cd0d179c4526773bad5.zip> on 04 Sep 2026. Published in EOL/pseudonitzchia Context: no place published · no date published https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/1049234 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Nov. 1, 2014 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/2620672 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Dec. 25, 2015 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/108235582 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · June 28, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/5561378 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 3, 2017 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/223209095 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · June 16, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/12523582 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 16, 2018 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/359064535 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 30, 2026 · Human observation And 2 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 233, by number of studies See more of this type

is preyed upon by more than 95 organisms

This term does declare that the organism harms this species.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
Goldenrod Crab Spider Misumena vatia Thomisidae	is preyed upon by	115	not compared
115 sources · 120 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/214201718 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · May 7, 2024 · Human observation; no place published · May 7, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/334412380 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · June 17, 2025 · Human observation; no place published · June 17, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/138283217 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · Aug. 11, 2022 · Human observation; no place published · Aug. 11, 2022 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/281367802 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · July 1, 2024 · Human observation; no place published · July 1, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/76883908 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · July 4, 2019 · Human observation; no place published · July 4, 2019 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/41628 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · June 14, 2011 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/333665 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · July 15, 2013 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/333666 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · July 15, 2013 · Human observation And 107 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
green lynx spider Peucetia viridans Oxyopidae	is preyed upon by	57	not compared
57 sources · 57 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/918051 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 10, 2014 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/1468059 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 5, 2014 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/305379648 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 10, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/307811994 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 20, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/312067662 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Sept. 6, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/313201689 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Sept. 11, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/313434271 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Sept. 12, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/313650009 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Sept. 13, 2025 · Human observation And 49 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Bee Wolf Philanthus triangulum Crabronidae	is preyed upon by	46	not compared
46 sources · 48 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/73652549 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · July 10, 2020 · Human observation; no place published · July 10, 2020 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/87994772 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · July 21, 2021 · Human observation; no place published · July 21, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/106503791 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Feb. 10, 2022 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/106734812 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 27, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/108561790 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 18, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/308038859 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 19, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/309473066 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 27, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/8826153 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Sept. 7, 2016 · Human observation And 38 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Blinkende krabspin Synema globosum Thomisidae	is preyed upon by	44	not compared
44 sources · 44 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/3381055 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · June 4, 2016 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/206490697 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 10, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/207542112 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 15, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/3962161 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 2, 2014 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/208138053 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 19, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/216521474 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 12, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/216728246 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 12, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/116427655 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 9, 2022 · Human observation And 36 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 95, by number of studies See more of this type

has as a host more than 76 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it. In the source ontology symbiosis covers mutualism, commensalism and parasitism alike, so this block holds attackers and allies side by side.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented	Actions
Frogfruit Phyla nodiflora Verbenaceae	has as a host	5	not compared
5 sources · 5 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/296042150 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · July 4, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/317045729 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Sept. 26, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/321367938 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 28, 2020 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/386682476 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · June 26, 2026 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/173449616 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · July 17, 2023 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
ceanothus Ceanothus Rhamnaceae	has as a host	4	not compared	Not a modelling unit: the source publishes it at genus level.
4 sources · 4 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/310657938 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Sept. 1, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/21153521 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · March 11, 2019 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/21243493 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · March 14, 2019 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/21394570 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · March 19, 2019 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Bermuda-buttercup Oxalis pes-caprae Oxalidaceae	has as a host	4	not compared
4 sources · 4 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/342307513 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Feb. 20, 2026 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/151818730 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Jan. 25, 2019 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/268235305 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · March 28, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/195408567 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Dec. 18, 2023 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Allium Amaryllidaceae	has as a host	3	not compared	Not a modelling unit: the source publishes it at genus level.
3 sources · 3 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/235412144 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 12, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/235412175 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 12, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/26016061 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 29, 2019 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 76, by number of studies See more of this type

is eaten by more than 50 organisms

This term does declare that the organism harms this species.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
green lynx spider Peucetia viridans Oxyopidae	is eaten by	27	not compared
27 sources · 27 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/98818246 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 20, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/4146114 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Sept. 18, 2016 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/7290130 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · July 31, 2017 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/310937328 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 28, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/7580255 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 21, 2017 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/7593284 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 19, 2017 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/7695037 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 28, 2017 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/7695038 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 28, 2017 · Human observation And 19 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Goldenrod Crab Spider Misumena vatia Thomisidae	is eaten by	23	not compared
23 sources · 23 records Sasha Bishop (Expert) Published in globalbioticinteractions/hale2024 Context: no place published · no date published Meagan Simons (Expert) Published in globalbioticinteractions/hale2024 Context: no place published · no date published https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/1602975 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · June 7, 2015 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/215361941 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 12, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/228682457 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · July 11, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/25345100 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 12, 2019 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/28137139 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · July 2, 2019 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/29949470 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · July 31, 2019 · Human observation And 15 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Asian Hornet Vespa velutina Vespidae	is eaten by	19	not compared
19 sources · 838 records Rome Q, Perrard A, Muller F, Fontaine C, Quilès A, Zuccon D, Villemant C. 2021. Not just honeybees: predatory habits of Vespa velutina (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in France. Annales De La Societe Entomologique De France 57: 1-11. doi:10.1080/00379271.2020.1867005 Published in qgroom/Vespa-velutina Record contexts (sample): south-west of France · Oct. 14, 2008; south-west of France · Sept. 19, 2009 https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/17344532 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 9, 2018 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/17738312 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 22, 2018 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/18426008 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 15, 2018 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/18426032 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Sept. 11, 2018 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/18426073 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 12, 2018 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/31411978 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 24, 2019 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/33322090 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Sept. 22, 2019 · Human observation And 11 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Flower Spider Thomisus onustus Thomisidae	is eaten by	15	not compared
15 sources · 15 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/817794 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · June 9, 2014 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/1898437 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 27, 2015 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/7393968 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 13, 2017 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/7520678 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · July 31, 2016 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/116683696 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 12, 2022 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/116685846 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 12, 2022 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/116877591 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 13, 2022 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/118901794 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 27, 2022 · Human observation And 7 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 50, by number of studies See more of this type

is a mutualist of more than 37 organisms

This term declares that the organism benefits this species.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
Boar Thistle Galactites tomentosa Asteraceae	is a mutualist of	2	not compared
2 sources · 5 records @article{bartomeus_contrasting_2008, title = {Contrasting effects of invasive plants in plant-pollinator networks}, volume = {155}, issn = {1432-1939}, url = {https://doi.org/… Published in globalbioticinteractions/mangal Record contexts (sample): no place published · April 11, 2005 · Observation; no place published · April 26, 2005 · Observation elberling NA Published in globalbioticinteractions/mangal Context: no place published · no date published · null A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Strawberry guava Psidium cattleianum Myrtaceae	is a mutualist of	2	not compared
2 sources · 4 records @article{Kaiser_Bunbury_2014, doi = {10.1890/14-0024.1}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1890%2F14-0024.1}, year = 2014, month = {dec}, publisher = {Wiley}, volume = {95}, number = {12}, pages = {3314--3324}, author = {Christopher N. Kaiser-Bunbury and Diego P. V{'{a}}zquez and Martin… Published in globalbioticinteractions/mangal Record contexts (sample): no place published · Sept. 1, 2007 · field observation; no place published · Sept. 1, 2007 · field observation @article{Kaiser_Bunbury_2010, doi = {10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01437.x}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1461-0248.2009.01437.x}, year = 2010, month = {apr}, publisher = {Wiley}, volume = {13}, number = {4}, pages = {442--452}, author = {Christopher N. Kaiser-Bunbury and Stefa… Published in globalbioticinteractions/mangal Context: no place published · Sept. 1, 2003 · field observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Cheesewood Pittosporum senacia Pittosporaceae	is a mutualist of	2	not compared
2 sources · 6 records @article{Kaiser_Bunbury_2010, doi = {10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01437.x}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1461-0248.2009.01437.x}, year = 2010, month = {apr}, publisher = {Wiley}, volume = {13}, number = {4}, pages = {442--452}, author = {Christopher N. Kaiser-Bunbury and Stefa… Published in globalbioticinteractions/mangal Record contexts (sample): no place published · Sept. 1, 2003 · field observation; no place published · Sept. 1, 2003 · field observation @article{Kaiser_Bunbury_2014, doi = {10.1890/14-0024.1}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1890%2F14-0024.1}, year = 2014, month = {dec}, publisher = {Wiley}, volume = {95}, number = {12}, pages = {3314--3324}, author = {Christopher N. Kaiser-Bunbury and Diego P. V{'{a}}zquez and Martin… Published in globalbioticinteractions/mangal Record contexts (sample): no place published · Sept. 1, 2007 · field observation; no place published · Sept. 1, 2007 · field observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Croton fothergillifolius Euphorbiaceae	is a mutualist of	1	not compared
1 source · 4 records @article{Kaiser_Bunbury_2010, doi = {10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01437.x}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1461-0248.2009.01437.x}, year = 2010, month = {apr}, publisher = {Wiley}, volume = {13}, number = {4}, pages = {442--452}, author = {Christopher N. Kaiser-Bunbury and Stefa… Published in globalbioticinteractions/mangal Record contexts (sample): no place published · Sept. 1, 2003 · field observation; no place published · Sept. 1, 2003 · field observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 37, by number of studies See more of this type

is a host of more than 19 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it. In the source ontology symbiosis covers mutualism, commensalism and parasitism alike, so this block holds attackers and allies side by side.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
Varroa orthomyxovirus-1 Orthomyxoviridae	is a host of	102	not compared
102 sources · 102 records Varroa orthomyxovirus-1 isolate IL segment 1 polymerase subunit PB2 gene, complete cds Published in globalbioticinteractions/ncbi-orthomyxoviridae Context: Israel · Dec. 1, 2016 Varroa orthomyxovirus-1 isolate IL segment 2 PB1 polymerase gene, complete cds Published in globalbioticinteractions/ncbi-orthomyxoviridae Context: Israel · Dec. 1, 2016 Varroa orthomyxovirus-1 isolate IL segment 3 polymerase subunit PA gene, complete cds Published in globalbioticinteractions/ncbi-orthomyxoviridae Context: Israel · Dec. 1, 2016 Varroa orthomyxovirus-1 isolate IL segment 4 glycoprotein gene, complete cds Published in globalbioticinteractions/ncbi-orthomyxoviridae Context: Israel · Dec. 1, 2016 Varroa orthomyxovirus-1 isolate IL segment 5 nucleoprotein gene, complete cds Published in globalbioticinteractions/ncbi-orthomyxoviridae Context: Israel · Dec. 1, 2016 Varroa orthomyxovirus-1 isolate IL segment 6 M protein gene, complete cds Published in globalbioticinteractions/ncbi-orthomyxoviridae Context: Israel · Dec. 1, 2016 MAG: Varroa orthomyxovirus-1 isolate VOV1_No3_Am022-HN2017 polymerase subunit PB2 gene, complete cds Published in globalbioticinteractions/ncbi-orthomyxoviridae Context: China: Henan · Jan. 1, 2017 MAG: Varroa orthomyxovirus-1 isolate VOV1_No3_Am022-HN2017 polymerase subunit PB1 gene, complete cds Published in globalbioticinteractions/ncbi-orthomyxoviridae Context: China: Henan · Jan. 1, 2017 And 94 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Deformed wing virus Iflaviridae	is a host of	100	not compared
100 sources · 100 records http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/71273715 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/71480055 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/86372206 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/121489735 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/129279045 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/193876272 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/193876273 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/198250517 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published And 92 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Nosema ceranae Nosematidae	is a host of	100	not compared
100 sources · 100 records http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/82698819 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/84313455 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/87116102 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/90111964 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/94962170 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/94962171 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/110293152 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/154163108 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published And 92 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
American Foulbrood Paenibacillus larvae Paenibacillaceae	is a host of	100	not compared
100 sources · 100 records http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/223954105 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/223954106 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/223954107 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/223954108 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/223954109 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/223954110 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/223954111 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/223954112 Published in millerse/Wardeh-et-al.-2015 Context: no place published · no date published And 92 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 19, by number of studies See more of this type

European Honey Bee

Identidad taxonómica

Photos and conservation status

Interacciones documentadas

Flower visit

visits the flowers of more than 1824 organisms

has its flowers visited by more than 22 organisms

interacts with more than 800 organisms

eats more than 744 organisms

Pollination

pollinates more than 646 organisms

visits more than 403 organisms

interacts with more than 233 organisms

is preyed upon by more than 95 organisms

has as a host more than 76 organisms

is eaten by more than 50 organisms

is a mutualist of more than 37 organisms

is a host of more than 19 organisms

Acompañantes documentados

Documented uses and recommendations