Texas madrone (Arbutus xalapensis)

Identidad taxonómica

Scientific name: Arbutus xalapensis Kunth
Canonical name: The scientific name without its authorship or date, for example Zea mays instead of Zea mays L.: Arbutus xalapensis
Authorship: The author or authors credited with publishing the scientific name. It is written after the name, sometimes with the year, for example L. (Linnaeus) in Zea mays L. An author in parentheses first published the name in another genus or rank.: Kunth
Common names: Texas madrone
Names in other languages (7)
Madroño, Madroño Méxicano, Madrón, panángksi, Земляничник халапский, קטלב בלוטי, 德州漿果鵑
Kingdom: One of the broadest ranks of biological classification. It groups organisms that share very basic features, for example plants (Plantae), animals (Animalia) or fungi (Fungi).: Plantae
Phylum: Rank below kingdom that groups organisms with a shared general body plan, for example chordates (Chordata), arthropods (Arthropoda) or vascular plants (Tracheophyta). In botany the same rank is also called division.: Tracheophyta
Class: Rank below phylum, for example mammals (Mammalia), birds (Aves), insects (Insecta) or monocot plants such as grasses and orchids (Liliopsida).: Magnoliopsida
Order: Rank below class that groups related families, for example grasses and their relatives (Poales) or bats (Chiroptera).: Ericales
Family: Rank below order that groups related genera. Family names usually end in -aceae in botany (for example Poaceae, the grass family) and in -idae in zoology (for example Felidae, the cat family).: Ericaceae
Genus: Rank that groups closely related species. Its name is the first word of a species' scientific name and starts with a capital letter, for example Zea in Zea mays.: Arbutus
Specific epithet: The second word of a species' scientific name. On its own it does not name the species: it always goes with the genus, for example mays in Zea mays.: xalapensis
Taxonomic rank: The level a name occupies in the hierarchy of biological classification, such as kingdom, family, genus, species or subspecies.: species
Reference species: Arbutus xalapensis
Taxonomic status: Whether the taxonomic catalogue the record comes from currently accepts this name for the organism, or treats it as a synonym of another accepted name or as doubtful.: accepted name

Photos and conservation status

IUCN Red List category: The extinction-risk category that the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) assigns to a species on its Red List. EX Extinct: there is no reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. EW Extinct in the wild: it survives only in cultivation, in captivity or as a population far outside its past range. CR Critically endangered, EN Endangered and VU Vulnerable: the three threatened categories, from an extremely high to a high risk of extinction in the wild. NT Near threatened: close to qualifying as threatened. LC Least concern: evaluated and not threatened. DD Data deficient: there is not enough information to assess its risk. NE Not evaluated: not yet assessed against the criteria. It describes the risk of the species worldwide, not its situation in a project's area.: Not available.

No photos have been requested for this species yet.

Interacciones documentadas

GloBI says it is documented somewhere in the world. Biolitica answers whether it could happen here.

A documented interaction means it was recorded somewhere in the world. It does not mean it occurs here.

Types shown: 6 of 6 is a host of × interacts with (this species is the record's destination) × is eaten by × interacts with (this species is the record's origin) × has its flowers visited by × is adjacent to ×

Blocks that do not sit under a navigation concept heading keep the source's own term: no navigation concept has been assigned to them yet.

is a host of 8 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it. In the source ontology symbiosis covers mutualism, commensalism and parasitism alike, so this block holds attackers and allies side by side.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
Pancake Crust Perenniporia medulla-panis Polyporaceae	is a host of	4	no location
4 sources · 4 records https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1089846 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Coronado National Forest, Santa Catalina Mountains Camp Apache to Soldier Camp · Oct. 14, 1911 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1089847 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Coronado National Forest, Santa Catalina Mountains Camp Apache to Soldier Camp · Oct. 14, 1911 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1089848 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Coronado National Forest, Santa Catalina Mountains Camp Apache to Soldier Camp · Oct. 14, 1911 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1089849 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Coronado National Forest, Santa Catalina Mountains Camp Apache to Soldier Camp · Oct. 14, 1911 · Preserved specimen A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
rypebærrust Pucciniastrum sparsum Pucciniastraceae	is a host of	4	no location
4 sources · 4 records https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=956444 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Alameda · Sept. 20, 1936 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=3152179 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Almeda · Sept. 20, 1936 · Preserved specimen Spaulding, P.. 1961. Foreign Diseases of Forest Trees of the World. U.S.D.A. Agric. Handb. 197:1-361 Published in globalbioticinteractions/usda-fungus-host Context: Guatemala · no date published Gallegos, M.L., and Cummins, G.B.. 1981. Uredinales (royas) de Mexico, Vol. 2. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agricoles, Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico :492 Published in globalbioticinteractions/usda-fungus-host Context: Mexico · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Diplodia maculata	is a host of	2	not compared
2 sources · 2 records https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=3671882 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Lost Mine Trail · Sept. 23, 1992 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=3675603 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Pinnacles Trail · Oct. 1, 1992 · Preserved specimen A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Bulbous Honey Fungus Armillaria gallica Physalacriaceae	is a host of	1	no location
1 source · 1 record Klopfenstein, N.B., Hanna, J.W., Cannon, P.G., Medel-Ortiz, R., Alvarado-Rosales, D., Lorea-Hernandez, F., Elias-Roman, R.D., and Kim, M.-S.. 2014. First report of the Armillaria root-disease pathogen, %Armillaria gallica%, associated with several woody hosts in three states of … Published in globalbioticinteractions/usda-fungus-host Context: Mexico · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 8, by number of studies See more of this type

interacts with 6 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented	Actions
Glasshouse Whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum Aleyrodidae	interacts with	1	not compared
1 source · 4 records Tri-Trophic Thematic Collection Network, 2014 (and updates). Version: 2016-03-08. http://tcn.amnh.org/. National Science Foundation grant(s) EF#1115081, EF#1115103, EF#1115080, EF#1115144, EF#1115191, EF#1115104, EF#1115115 Published in globalbioticinteractions/arthropodEasyCaptureAMNH Record contexts (sample): Washington · March 28, 1979 · Preserved specimen; Washington · March 28, 1979 · LabelObservation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Latania Scale Hemiberlesia lataniae Diaspididae	interacts with	1	not compared
1 source · 2 records Tri-Trophic Thematic Collection Network, 2014 (and updates). Version: 2016-03-08. http://tcn.amnh.org/. National Science Foundation grant(s) EF#1115081, EF#1115103, EF#1115080, EF#1115144, EF#1115191, EF#1115104, EF#1115115 Published in globalbioticinteractions/arthropodEasyCaptureAMNH Record contexts (sample): Dallas (City of) · July 23, 1987 · Preserved specimen; Dallas (City of) · July 23, 1987 · LabelObservation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Cecropia Moth Hyalophora cecropia Saturniidae	interacts with	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/164322615 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 11, 2023 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Neurocolpus Miridae	interacts with	1	not compared	Not a modelling unit: the source publishes it at genus level.
1 source · 2 records Tri-Trophic Thematic Collection Network, 2014 (and updates). Version: 2016-03-08. http://tcn.amnh.org/. National Science Foundation grant(s) EF#1115081, EF#1115103, EF#1115080, EF#1115144, EF#1115191, EF#1115104, EF#1115115 Published in globalbioticinteractions/arthropodEasyCaptureAMNH Record contexts (sample): 10 km E of Yecora on Hiway 16 · May 5, 2005 · Preserved specimen; 10 km E of Yecora on Hiway 16 · May 5, 2005 · LabelObservation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 6, by number of studies See more of this type

is eaten by 4 organisms

This term does declare that the organism harms this species.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
Southern Piñon Sun-Singer Hadoa chisosensis Cicadidae	is eaten by	1	no location
1 source · 1 record @article{123865, author = {Sanborn, Allen Francis and Phillips, Polly K.}, journal = {Diversity}, month = {apr}, day = {9}, number = {2}, pages = {166-239}, publisher = {MDPI AG}, title = {Biogeography of the Cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) of North America, North… Published in globalbioticinteractions/taxonworks Context: no place published · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Mexican Bromeliad Fly Copestylum mexicanum Syrphidae	is eaten by	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/224056357 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 3, 2024 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Ruby-crowned Kinglet Corthylio calendula Regulidae	is eaten by	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/10455434 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · March 27, 2018 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Padaeus trivittatus Pentatomidae	is eaten by	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/13654403 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · June 20, 2018 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 4, by number of studies

interacts with 4 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented	Actions
Drooping Juniper Juniperus flaccida Cupressaceae	interacts with	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record https://cch2.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=4587654 Published in globalbioticinteractions/ucsb-cch Context: Along road in upper Green Gulch ca.; 8 miles Southwest of junction with Chisos Basin Road. · Dec. 15, 1980 · Preserved specimen A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Oak Quercus Fagaceae	interacts with	1	not compared	Not a modelling unit: the source publishes it at genus level.
1 source · 1 record https://cch2.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=4587656 Published in globalbioticinteractions/ucsb-cch Context: crest of Sierra Madre Occidental, 7.8 miles West of El Palmita ca.; 40 miles E of Concordia on Mexico Hwy. 40 · Jan. 30, 1962 · Preserved s… A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
madrone Arbutus Ericaceae	interacts with	1	not compared	Not a modelling unit: the source publishes it at genus level.
1 source · 1 record https://cch2.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=4587656 Published in globalbioticinteractions/ucsb-cch Context: crest of Sierra Madre Occidental, 7.8 miles West of El Palmita ca.; 40 miles E of Concordia on Mexico Hwy. 40 · Jan. 30, 1962 · Preserved s… A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Pine Pinus Pinaceae	interacts with	1	not compared	Not a modelling unit: the source publishes it at genus level.
1 source · 1 record https://cch2.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=4587656 Published in globalbioticinteractions/ucsb-cch Context: crest of Sierra Madre Occidental, 7.8 miles West of El Palmita ca.; 40 miles E of Concordia on Mexico Hwy. 40 · Jan. 30, 1962 · Preserved s… A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 4, by number of studies

Flower visit

has its flowers visited by 3 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it. Visiting a flower is not pollinating it. «Pollinates» is a different term and a different block, and merging the two is the measured defect that turned ~88 shared «pollinators» into birds and primates.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
Limenitis bredowii Nymphalidae	has its flowers visited by	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/66712729 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Dec. 17, 2020 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Echo Azure Celastrina echo	has its flowers visited by	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/9575142 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Jan. 21, 2018 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
White-eared Hummingbird Hylocharis leucotis	has its flowers visited by	1	no location
1 source · 1 record https://www.desertmuseum.org/pollination/hummingbirds.php Published in millerse/Hummingbird-and-Flower-Interactions Context: Sonora · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 3 of 3, by number of studies

is adjacent to 1 organism

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented	Actions
rypebærrust Pucciniastrum sparsum Pucciniastraceae	is adjacent to	1	no location
1 source · 1 record https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=3152179 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Almeda · Sept. 20, 1936 · Preserved specimen A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 1 of 1, by number of studies

Interaction data from Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI), GloBI 0.11. Each row keeps the citation its own study published.

Interactions are published at species level: they are not resolved by variety or race.

Each block is headed by the source's own term, read from this species' end — not by a category of ours. Two similar terms are not merged.

«Documented here» means the interaction was observed in this territory. It is not evidence that the species is here, and it does not enter the niche model.

Acompañantes documentados

This agronomic reading comes from a source reserved for internal use, so it is not shown here.

Documented uses and recommendations

Uses and recommendations that a source documents for this species beside a crop, each in its own context. They are the source's statements, not traits of the species and not Biolítica's recommendations, and none of them is a relation between two species.

Among the sources you can read, none documents a use or recommendation of this species beside a crop.