Stink bean (Parkia speciosa)

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Identidad taxonómica

Scientific name: Parkia speciosa Hassk.
Canonical name: The scientific name without its authorship or date, for example Zea mays instead of Zea mays L.: Parkia speciosa
Authorship: The author or authors credited with publishing the scientific name. It is written after the name, sometimes with the year, for example L. (Linnaeus) in Zea mays L. An author in parentheses first published the name in another genus or rank.: Hassk.
Common names: Stink bean, parkia
Names in other languages (13)
Petai, Pete, Peteh, Sator, Yongchak, parkia nádherná, parkia wspaniała, Паркия красивая, ইয়ংচাক, ตอ, สะตอ, 美麗球花豆, 臭豆
Kingdom: One of the broadest ranks of biological classification. It groups organisms that share very basic features, for example plants (Plantae), animals (Animalia) or fungi (Fungi).: Plantae
Phylum: Rank below kingdom that groups organisms with a shared general body plan, for example chordates (Chordata), arthropods (Arthropoda) or vascular plants (Tracheophyta). In botany the same rank is also called division.: Tracheophyta
Class: Rank below phylum, for example mammals (Mammalia), birds (Aves), insects (Insecta) or monocot plants such as grasses and orchids (Liliopsida).: Magnoliopsida
Order: Rank below class that groups related families, for example grasses and their relatives (Poales) or bats (Chiroptera).: Fabales
Family: Rank below order that groups related genera. Family names usually end in -aceae in botany (for example Poaceae, the grass family) and in -idae in zoology (for example Felidae, the cat family).: Fabaceae
Genus: Rank that groups closely related species. Its name is the first word of a species' scientific name and starts with a capital letter, for example Zea in Zea mays.: Parkia
Specific epithet: The second word of a species' scientific name. On its own it does not name the species: it always goes with the genus, for example mays in Zea mays.: speciosa
Taxonomic rank: The level a name occupies in the hierarchy of biological classification, such as kingdom, family, genus, species or subspecies.: species
Reference species: Parkia speciosa
Taxonomic status: Whether the taxonomic catalogue the record comes from currently accepts this name for the organism, or treats it as a synonym of another accepted name or as doubtful.: accepted name

Photos and conservation status

IUCN Red List category: The extinction-risk category that the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) assigns to a species on its Red List. EX Extinct: there is no reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. EW Extinct in the wild: it survives only in cultivation, in captivity or as a population far outside its past range. CR Critically endangered, EN Endangered and VU Vulnerable: the three threatened categories, from an extremely high to a high risk of extinction in the wild. NT Near threatened: close to qualifying as threatened. LC Least concern: evaluated and not threatened. DD Data deficient: there is not enough information to assess its risk. NE Not evaluated: not yet assessed against the criteria. It describes the risk of the species worldwide, not its situation in a project's area.: Least concern (LC)
Source: IUCN Red List via GBIF, queried on 2026-10-12 18:12.

Photo of Parkia speciosa Hassk. — Photo: Steven Bodzin · CC BY 4.0 · View original image · Original observation

Research-grade iNaturalist observations via GBIF, CC0 or CC BY licences only, queried on 2026-10-12 18:12.

Interacciones documentadas

GloBI says it is documented somewhere in the world. Biolitica answers whether it could happen here.

A documented interaction means it was recorded somewhere in the world. It does not mean it occurs here.

Types shown: 5 of 5 is eaten by × is a host of × interacts with × is visited by × has its flowers visited by ×

Blocks that do not sit under a navigation concept heading keep the source's own term: no navigation concept has been assigned to them yet.

is eaten by 18 organisms

This term does declare that the organism harms this species.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
Cavipalpia translucidella Pyralidae	is eaten by	1	no location
1 source · 1 record Edward Baker; Ian Kitching; George W Beccaloni; Amoret Whitaker; Steen Dupont; Vincent Smith; John S Noyes (2017). NHM Interactions Bank. https://doi.org/10.5519/0060767. Accessed at <https://data.nhm.ac.uk/dataset/82e807f0-6273-4f19-be0a-7f7558442a25/resource/f84ad9f1-bd0c-4811… Published in globalbioticinteractions/natural-history-museum-london-interactions-bank Context: no place published · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Indomalayan Leopoldamys Leopoldamys sabanus Muridae	is eaten by	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record Yasuda 2005 Published in globalbioticinteractions/fricke2020 Context: Malaysia · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Hodgson's Porcupine Hystrix brachyura Hystricidae	is eaten by	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record Yasuda 2005 Published in globalbioticinteractions/fricke2020 Context: Malaysia · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Whitehead’s Sundaic Maxomys Maxomys whiteheadi Muridae	is eaten by	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record Yasuda 2005 Published in globalbioticinteractions/fricke2020 Context: Malaysia · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 18, by number of studies See more of this type

is a host of 12 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it. In the source ontology symbiosis covers mutualism, commensalism and parasitism alike, so this block holds attackers and allies side by side.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
Plain Nawab Polyura hebe Nymphalidae	is a host of	3	no location
3 sources · 3 records HOSTS DB Published in globalbioticinteractions/ferrer-paris Context: no place published · no date published Wikipedia Published in globalbioticinteractions/ferrer-paris Context: no place published · no date published Gaden S. Robinson; Phillip R. Ackery; Ian Kitching; George W Beccaloni; Luis M. Hernández (2023). HOSTS (from HOSTS - a Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants) [Data set resource]. Natural History Museum. https://data.nhm.ac.uk/dataset/hosts/resource/877f387a-36a3-486c-… Published in globalbioticinteractions/HOSTS Context: Indonesia · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Common Lascar Pantoporia hordonia Nymphalidae	is a host of	2	no location
2 sources · 2 records HOSTS DB Published in globalbioticinteractions/ferrer-paris Context: no place published · no date published Gaden S. Robinson; Phillip R. Ackery; Ian Kitching; George W Beccaloni; Luis M. Hernández (2023). HOSTS (from HOSTS - a Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants) [Data set resource]. Natural History Museum. https://data.nhm.ac.uk/dataset/hosts/resource/877f387a-36a3-486c-… Published in globalbioticinteractions/HOSTS Context: West Malaysia · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Malayan Nawab Polyura moori	is a host of	2	no location
2 sources · 2 records HOSTS DB Published in globalbioticinteractions/ferrer-paris Context: no place published · no date published Gaden S. Robinson; Phillip R. Ackery; Ian Kitching; George W Beccaloni; Luis M. Hernández (2023). HOSTS (from HOSTS - a Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants) [Data set resource]. Natural History Museum. https://data.nhm.ac.uk/dataset/hosts/resource/877f387a-36a3-486c-… Published in globalbioticinteractions/HOSTS Context: West Malaysia · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Cavipalpia translucidella Pyralidae	is a host of	1	no location
1 source · 1 record Gaden S. Robinson; Phillip R. Ackery; Ian Kitching; George W Beccaloni; Luis M. Hernández (2023). HOSTS (from HOSTS - a Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants) [Data set resource]. Natural History Museum. https://data.nhm.ac.uk/dataset/hosts/resource/877f387a-36a3-486c-… Published in globalbioticinteractions/HOSTS Context: West Malaysia · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 12, by number of studies See more of this type

interacts with 7 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
Dawn Bat Eonycteris spelaea Pteropodidae	interacts with	8	no location
8 sources · 9 records Stewart and Dudash, 2016 Published in globalbioticinteractions/aziz2021 Record contexts (sample): Thailand · no date published; Thailand · no date published Hodgkison et al., 2004 Published in globalbioticinteractions/aziz2021 Context: Malaysia (Peninsula) · no date published Stewart et al., 2014 Published in globalbioticinteractions/aziz2021 Context: Thailand · no date published Bumrungsri et al., 2013 Published in globalbioticinteractions/aziz2021 Context: Thailand · no date published Stewart and Dudash, 2017a Published in globalbioticinteractions/aziz2021 Context: Thailand · no date published Bumrungsri et al., 2008 Published in globalbioticinteractions/aziz2021 Context: Thailand · no date published Acharya et al., 2015a Published in globalbioticinteractions/aziz2021 Context: Thailand · no date published Acharya et al., 2015b Published in globalbioticinteractions/aziz2021 Context: Thailand · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Horsfield’s Fruit Bat Cynopterus horsfieldii Pteropodidae	interacts with	3	no location
3 sources · 3 records Hodgkison et al., 2004 Published in globalbioticinteractions/aziz2021 Context: Malaysia (Peninsula) · no date published Stewart et al., 2014 Published in globalbioticinteractions/aziz2021 Context: Thailand · no date published Stewart and Dudash, 2017b Published in globalbioticinteractions/aziz2021 Context: Thailand · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Greater Shortnosed Fruit Bat Cynopterus sphinx Pteropodidae	interacts with	3	no location
3 sources · 3 records Stewart et al., 2014 Published in globalbioticinteractions/aziz2021 Context: Thailand · no date published Stewart and Dudash, 2017b Published in globalbioticinteractions/aziz2021 Context: Thailand · no date published Vanlalnghaka, 2014 Published in globalbioticinteractions/aziz2021 Context: India · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Lesser Dog-faced Fruit Bat Cynopterus brachyotis Pteropodidae	interacts with	2	no location
2 sources · 2 records Stewart et al., 2014 Published in globalbioticinteractions/aziz2021 Context: Thailand · no date published Stewart and Dudash, 2017b Published in globalbioticinteractions/aziz2021 Context: Thailand · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 7, by number of studies See more of this type

is visited by 2 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
Dawn Bat Eonycteris spelaea Pteropodidae	is visited by	3	not compared
3 sources · 3 records Bumrungsri, S., et al. 2008. The pollination ecology of two species of Parkia (Mimosaceae) in southern Thailand. Journal of Tropical Ecology 24: 467-475. Published in globalbioticinteractions/batbase Context: Trang Horticulture Station, Trang Province · no date published Start, A. N. & A. G. Marshall. 1976. Nectarivorous bats as pollinators of trees in West Malaysia. In: Variation, Breeding and Conservation of Tropical Forest Trees (J. Barley & B. T. Styles, eds.). pp. 141-150. Academic Press, London, UK. Published in globalbioticinteractions/batbase Context: Malaysia · no date published Start, A. N. 1974. The feeding biology in relation to food sources of nectarivorous bats. Ph.D. Dissertation. University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK. Published in globalbioticinteractions/batbase Context: Peninsular Malaysia · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Lesser Dog-faced Fruit Bat Cynopterus brachyotis Pteropodidae	is visited by	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record Bumrungsri, S., et al. 2008. The pollination ecology of two species of Parkia (Mimosaceae) in southern Thailand. Journal of Tropical Ecology 24: 467-475. Published in globalbioticinteractions/batbase Context: Trang Horticulture Station, Trang Province · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 2 of 2, by number of studies

Flower visit

has its flowers visited by 2 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it. Visiting a flower is not pollinating it. «Pollinates» is a different term and a different block, and merging the two is the measured defect that turned ~88 shared «pollinators» into birds and primates.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
Large Flying-fox Pteropus vampyrus Pteropodidae	has its flowers visited by	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/222807917 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Nov. 25, 2023 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Dawn Bat Eonycteris spelaea Pteropodidae	has its flowers visited by	1	no location
1 source · 1 record Start, A. N., & Marshall, A. G. (1976). Nectarivorous bats as pollinators of trees in West Malaysia. Tropical trees: variation, breeding and conservation, 141-150. Published in globalbioticinteractions/bat-co-roosting-database Context: Batu Caves, Selangor and Gua Sanding, Perak · Jan. 1, 1972 A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 2 of 2, by number of studies

Interaction data from Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI), GloBI 0.11. Each row keeps the citation its own study published.

Interactions are published at species level: they are not resolved by variety or race.

Each block is headed by the source's own term, read from this species' end — not by a category of ours. Two similar terms are not merged.

«Documented here» means the interaction was observed in this territory. It is not evidence that the species is here, and it does not enter the niche model.

Acompañantes documentados

This agronomic reading comes from a source reserved for internal use, so it is not shown here.

Documented uses and recommendations

Uses and recommendations that a source documents for this species beside a crop, each in its own context. They are the source's statements, not traits of the species and not Biolítica's recommendations, and none of them is a relation between two species.

Among the sources you can read, none documents a use or recommendation of this species beside a crop.