Black Cherry (Prunus serotina)

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Identidad taxonómica

Scientific name: Prunus serotina Ehrh.
Canonical name: The scientific name without its authorship or date, for example Zea mays instead of Zea mays L.: Prunus serotina
Authorship: The author or authors credited with publishing the scientific name. It is written after the name, sometimes with the year, for example L. (Linnaeus) in Zea mays L. An author in parentheses first published the name in another genus or rank.: Ehrh.
Common names: Black Cherry, Rum Cherry, Black Chokecherry, Rum Cherry, Black Cherry, Wild Cherry, wild black cherry
Names in other languages (32)
Amerikaanse vogelkers, Bospest, Capulin, Ceiriosen Hwyrddail, Cerezo Americano, Cerisier noir, Cerisier tardif, Ciliegio tardivo, Coeden Geirios Rym, Czeremcha amerykańska, Glansbladet hæg, Herbst-Traubenkirsche, Herbsttraubenkirsche, Merisier tardif, Prunier tardif, Cerisier tardif, Cerisier noir, Cerisier d'automne, Pruno autunnale, Rum Cherry (EN), Sildig hæg, Spätblühende Traubenkirsche, Späte Trauben-Kirsche, Späte Traubenkirsche, Späte Traubenkirsche (DE), Vėlyvoji ieva, capulín, cerisier d'automne, glanshägg, kései zelnicemeggy, merisier, pruno tardivo, romhegg, střemcha pozdní, vēl
Kingdom: One of the broadest ranks of biological classification. It groups organisms that share very basic features, for example plants (Plantae), animals (Animalia) or fungi (Fungi).: Plantae
Phylum: Rank below kingdom that groups organisms with a shared general body plan, for example chordates (Chordata), arthropods (Arthropoda) or vascular plants (Tracheophyta). In botany the same rank is also called division.: Tracheophyta
Class: Rank below phylum, for example mammals (Mammalia), birds (Aves), insects (Insecta) or monocot plants such as grasses and orchids (Liliopsida).: Magnoliopsida
Order: Rank below class that groups related families, for example grasses and their relatives (Poales) or bats (Chiroptera).: Rosales
Family: Rank below order that groups related genera. Family names usually end in -aceae in botany (for example Poaceae, the grass family) and in -idae in zoology (for example Felidae, the cat family).: Rosaceae
Genus: Rank that groups closely related species. Its name is the first word of a species' scientific name and starts with a capital letter, for example Zea in Zea mays.: Prunus
Specific epithet: The second word of a species' scientific name. On its own it does not name the species: it always goes with the genus, for example mays in Zea mays.: serotina
Taxonomic rank: The level a name occupies in the hierarchy of biological classification, such as kingdom, family, genus, species or subspecies.: species
Reference species: Prunus serotina
Taxonomic status: Whether the taxonomic catalogue the record comes from currently accepts this name for the organism, or treats it as a synonym of another accepted name or as doubtful.: accepted name

Photos and conservation status

IUCN Red List category: The extinction-risk category that the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) assigns to a species on its Red List. EX Extinct: there is no reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. EW Extinct in the wild: it survives only in cultivation, in captivity or as a population far outside its past range. CR Critically endangered, EN Endangered and VU Vulnerable: the three threatened categories, from an extremely high to a high risk of extinction in the wild. NT Near threatened: close to qualifying as threatened. LC Least concern: evaluated and not threatened. DD Data deficient: there is not enough information to assess its risk. NE Not evaluated: not yet assessed against the criteria. It describes the risk of the species worldwide, not its situation in a project's area.: Least concern (LC)
Source: IUCN Red List via GBIF, queried on 2026-10-09 11:35.

Photo of Prunus serotina Ehrh. — Photo: Alan Prather · CC BY 4.0 · View original image · Original observation

Research-grade iNaturalist observations via GBIF, CC0 or CC BY licences only, queried on 2026-10-09 11:35.

Interacciones documentadas

GloBI says it is documented somewhere in the world. Biolitica answers whether it could happen here.

A documented interaction means it was recorded somewhere in the world. It does not mean it occurs here.

Types shown: 12 of 19 is eaten by × is a host of × interacts with (this species is the record's destination) × interacts with (this species is the record's origin) × has its flowers visited by × is pollinated by × is adjacent to × is visited by × is a mutualist of × has as a parasite × co-occurs ecologically with × has as a vector × 7 more types with data for this species

Blocks that do not sit under a navigation concept heading keep the source's own term: no navigation concept has been assigned to them yet.

is eaten by 682 organisms

This term does declare that the organism harms this species.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
Eastern Tent Caterpillar Moth Malacosoma americana Lasiocampidae	is eaten by	8	not compared
8 sources · 19 records Edward Baker; Ian Kitching; George W Beccaloni; Amoret Whitaker; Steen Dupont; Vincent Smith; John S Noyes (2017). NHM Interactions Bank. https://doi.org/10.5519/0060767. Accessed at <https://data.nhm.ac.uk/dataset/82e807f0-6273-4f19-be0a-7f7558442a25/resource/f84ad9f1-bd0c-4811… Published in globalbioticinteractions/natural-history-museum-london-interactions-bank Record contexts (sample): no place published · no date published; no place published · no date published Brian G. Scholtens (Expert) Published in globalbioticinteractions/hale2024 Context: no place published · no date published Kayla R. S. Hale (Expert) Published in globalbioticinteractions/hale2024 Context: no place published · no date published Jordon Tourville (Expert) Published in globalbioticinteractions/hale2024 Context: no place published · no date published https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/205755663 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 6, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/207754483 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 16, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/6583768 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 28, 2017 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/7758725 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Sept. 2, 2017 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Autumn Webworm Hyphantria cunea Erebidae	is eaten by	7	not compared
7 sources · 9 records Edward Baker; Ian Kitching; George W Beccaloni; Amoret Whitaker; Steen Dupont; Vincent Smith; John S Noyes (2017). NHM Interactions Bank. https://doi.org/10.5519/0060767. Accessed at <https://data.nhm.ac.uk/dataset/82e807f0-6273-4f19-be0a-7f7558442a25/resource/f84ad9f1-bd0c-4811… Published in globalbioticinteractions/natural-history-museum-london-interactions-bank Record contexts (sample): no place published · no date published; no place published · no date published Brian G. Scholtens (Expert) Published in globalbioticinteractions/hale2024 Context: no place published · no date published Kayla R. S. Hale (Expert) Published in globalbioticinteractions/hale2024 Context: no place published · no date published Jordon Tourville (Expert) Published in globalbioticinteractions/hale2024 Context: no place published · no date published Poelen, J. H. Global Biotic Interactions: Interpreted Data Products. Zenodo https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5708970 (2021). Published in globalbioticinteractions/trophiCH Context: Global · Jan. 1, 2021 · Metaanalysis Ellis, W. N. (2022). Plant Parasites of Europe – leafminers, galls and fungi [Database]. https://bladmineerders.nl/ Published in globalbioticinteractions/trophiCH Context: Europe · Jan. 1, 2022 https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/7872659 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Sept. 9, 2017 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Blackbird Turdus merula Turdidae	is eaten by	6	not compared
6 sources · 7 records Reji Chacko, M., Albouy, C., Altermatt, F., Brändle, M., Casanelles Abella, J., Boussange, V., Campell, F., Ellis, W. N., Fopp, F., Gossner, M. M., Ho., H., Joss, A., Kipf, P., Neff, F., Petrović, A., Prié, V., Tomanović, Ž., Zimmerli, N., Pellissier, L. (2024). trophiCH v1 - a … Published in globalbioticinteractions/trophiCH Record contexts (sample): no place published · no date published; no place published · no date published Stiebel 2008 Published in globalbioticinteractions/fricke2020 Context: Germany · no date published Poelen, J. H. Global Biotic Interactions: Interpreted Data Products. Zenodo https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5708970 (2021). Published in globalbioticinteractions/trophiCH Context: Global · Jan. 1, 2021 · Metaanalysis Ho, H.-C. (2022). Data and R script (Blue and green food webs respond differently to elevation and land use) [Dataset]. figshare. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.17817152.v1 Published in globalbioticinteractions/trophiCH Context: Switzerland · Jan. 1, 2022 · Metaweb Simmons, B. I., Sutherland, W. J., Dicks, L. V., Albrecht, J., Farwig, N., Garcia, D., Jordano, P., & González-Varo, J. P. (2019). Data from: Moving from frugivory to seed dispersal: incorporating the functional outcomes of interactions in plant-frugivore networks (Version 1, p.… Published in globalbioticinteractions/trophiCH Context: Europe · Jan. 1, 2019 · DNA metabarcoding; Visual observation; Metaanalysis Stiebel, H. and Bairlein, F., 2008. Frugivorie mitteleuropäischer Vögel I: Nahrung und Nahrungserwerb. Vogelwarte, 46, pp.1-23. Published in millerse/Pollination-Collection Context: northern part of the federal state of Hesse · June 1, 1997 A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Song Thrush Turdus philomelos Turdidae	is eaten by	6	not compared
6 sources · 7 records Reji Chacko, M., Albouy, C., Altermatt, F., Brändle, M., Casanelles Abella, J., Boussange, V., Campell, F., Ellis, W. N., Fopp, F., Gossner, M. M., Ho., H., Joss, A., Kipf, P., Neff, F., Petrović, A., Prié, V., Tomanović, Ž., Zimmerli, N., Pellissier, L. (2024). trophiCH v1 - a … Published in globalbioticinteractions/trophiCH Record contexts (sample): no place published · no date published; no place published · no date published Stiebel 2008 Published in globalbioticinteractions/fricke2020 Context: Germany · no date published Poelen, J. H. Global Biotic Interactions: Interpreted Data Products. Zenodo https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5708970 (2021). Published in globalbioticinteractions/trophiCH Context: Global · Jan. 1, 2021 · Metaanalysis Ho, H.-C. (2022). Data and R script (Blue and green food webs respond differently to elevation and land use) [Dataset]. figshare. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.17817152.v1 Published in globalbioticinteractions/trophiCH Context: Switzerland · Jan. 1, 2022 · Metaweb Simmons, B. I., Sutherland, W. J., Dicks, L. V., Albrecht, J., Farwig, N., Garcia, D., Jordano, P., & González-Varo, J. P. (2019). Data from: Moving from frugivory to seed dispersal: incorporating the functional outcomes of interactions in plant-frugivore networks (Version 1, p.… Published in globalbioticinteractions/trophiCH Context: Europe · Jan. 1, 2019 · DNA metabarcoding; Visual observation; Metaanalysis Stiebel, H. and Bairlein, F., 2008. Frugivorie mitteleuropäischer Vögel I: Nahrung und Nahrungserwerb. Vogelwarte, 46, pp.1-23. Published in millerse/Pollination-Collection Context: northern part of the federal state of Hesse · June 1, 1997 A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 682, by number of studies See more of this type

is a host of 658 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it. In the source ontology symbiosis covers mutualism, commensalism and parasitism alike, so this block holds attackers and allies side by side.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
Blackthorn Rust Tranzschelia pruni-spinosae Uropyxidaceae	is a host of	226	not compared
226 sources · 228 records Anonymous. 1960. Index of Plant Diseases in the United States. U.S.D.A. Agric. Handb. 165:1-531 Published in globalbioticinteractions/usda-fungus-host Record contexts (sample): United States · no date published; United States · no date published https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=11631539 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Decorah · Sept. 16, 1888 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=11631540 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Near Mt. Vernon · Sept. 15, 1954 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=11631541 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Near Verona · Aug. 23, 1959 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=11631542 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Auburn · May 22, 1973 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=924686 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Tomahawk · Aug. 26, 1919 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=924687 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Atlanta · Oct. 21, 1926 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=924689 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Atlanta · Sept. 21, 1926 · Preserved specimen And 218 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Vleeskleurig bladschijfje Blumeriella jaapii Drepanopezizaceae	is a host of	163	not compared
163 sources · 167 records Anonymous. 1960. Index of Plant Diseases in the United States. U.S.D.A. Agric. Handb. 165:1-531 Published in globalbioticinteractions/usda-fungus-host Record contexts (sample): Range of host · no date published; United States · no date published Alfieri Jr., S.A., Langdon, K.R., Wehlburg, C., and Kimbrough, J.W.. 1984. Index of Plant Diseases in Florida (Revised). Florida Dept. Agric. and Consumer Serv., Div. Plant Ind. Bull. 11:1-389 Published in globalbioticinteractions/usda-fungus-host Record contexts (sample): United States · no date published; United States · no date published https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=11771656 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Rockwood · July 6, 1946 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=11771658 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Madison · Sept. 19, 1954 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=11771659 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Boulevard Laurier · Sept. 5, 1957 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=14704190 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Willow Grove · Sept. 1, 1886 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=11548829 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Granville · Aug. 6, 1889 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1265832 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Middlegrove · Sept. 16, 1907 · Preserved specimen And 155 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Monilinia seaveri Sclerotiniaceae	is a host of	138	not compared
138 sources · 139 records Anonymous. 1960. Index of Plant Diseases in the United States. U.S.D.A. Agric. Handb. 165:1-531 Published in globalbioticinteractions/usda-fungus-host Record contexts (sample): United States · no date published; United States · no date published https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=11770211 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: near Pine Bluff · May 23, 1961 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=11764365 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Fostoria · May 18, 1922 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=11764405 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Camp Fortune Area · May 15, 1956 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=11764406 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Near Carp · May 28, 1963 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=11764407 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Old Carp Rd. · May 17, 1974 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=11764408 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Near Carp · May 7, 1963 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=11764409 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: no place published · Oct. 18, 1965 · Preserved specimen And 130 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Pruniphilomyces circumscissus Mycosphaerellaceae	is a host of	125	not compared
125 sources · 125 records https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=11620523 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Alcove · Aug. 12, 1893 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=11620502 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Alstead · Aug. 25, 1921 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=14691136 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Jamaica Plain, Arnold Arboretum · Aug. 24, 1892 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=14691133 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Newfane · Sept. 20, 1892 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=11682022 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Newfield · Aug. 1, 1893 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1338646 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Cranberry Glades, Pocahontas Co. · Aug. 6, 1909 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1338647 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Jamaica Plain Arnold Arboretum · Aug. 24, 1892 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1338648 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Newfane · Sept. 20, 1892 · Preserved specimen And 117 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 658, by number of studies See more of this type

interacts with 442 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
Eriophyes cerasicrumena Eriophyidae	interacts with	314	not compared
314 sources · 322 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/99599636 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · Sept. 8, 2021 · Human observation; no place published · Sept. 8, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/214047760 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · May 6, 2024 · Human observation; no place published · May 6, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/111998337 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · April 18, 2022 · Human observation; no place published · April 18, 2022 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/227483799 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · July 2, 2024 · Human observation; no place published · July 2, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/126641151 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · May 20, 2022 · Human observation; no place published · May 20, 2022 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/378397059 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · May 29, 2026 · Human observation; no place published · May 29, 2026 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/278844845 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · May 5, 2025 · Human observation; no place published · May 5, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/92852914 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · Aug. 28, 2021 · Human observation; no place published · Aug. 28, 2021 · Human observation And 306 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Vogelkersbladblaasje Taphrina farlowii Taphrinaceae	interacts with	118	not compared
118 sources · 125 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/80415440 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · May 26, 2021 · Human observation; no place published · May 26, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/212930514 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · May 2, 2024 · Human observation; no place published · May 2, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/214979834 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · May 10, 2024 · Human observation; no place published · May 10, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/281177520 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · May 11, 2025 · Human observation; no place published · May 11, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/287035762 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · June 5, 2025 · Human observation; no place published · June 5, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/77996545 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · May 8, 2021 · Human observation; no place published · May 8, 2021 · Human observation https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=840832 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Blue Ridge Mountains 2500-3000 ft · April 29, 1892 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=840833 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Auburn · April 29, 1892 · Preserved specimen And 110 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Stigmella prunifoliella Nepticulidae	interacts with	102	not compared
102 sources · 107 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/219791565 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · June 1, 2024 · Human observation; no place published · June 1, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/221393059 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · June 8, 2024 · Human observation; no place published · June 8, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/247898275 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · Oct. 15, 2024 · Human observation; no place published · Oct. 15, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/294440188 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · July 1, 2025 · Human observation; no place published · July 1, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/181312508 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Record contexts (sample): no place published · Sept. 1, 2023 · Human observation; no place published · Sept. 1, 2023 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/98550347 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Sept. 26, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/197425871 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Nov. 11, 2023 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/99339626 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 20, 2021 · Human observation And 94 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Wilke's Miner Andrena wilkella Andrenidae	interacts with	84	no location
84 sources · 126 records https://scan-bugs.org:443/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=32751633 Published in globalbioticinteractions/scan Record contexts (sample): no place published · Jan. 1, 1958 · Preserved specimen; no place published · Jan. 1, 1958 · Preserved specimen https://scan-bugs.org:443/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=32751634 Published in globalbioticinteractions/scan Record contexts (sample): no place published · Jan. 1, 1958 · Preserved specimen; no place published · Jan. 1, 1958 · Preserved specimen https://scan-bugs.org:443/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=32751635 Published in globalbioticinteractions/scan Record contexts (sample): no place published · Jan. 1, 1958 · Preserved specimen; no place published · Jan. 1, 1958 · Preserved specimen https://scan-bugs.org:443/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=32751636 Published in globalbioticinteractions/scan Record contexts (sample): no place published · Jan. 1, 1958 · Preserved specimen; no place published · Jan. 1, 1958 · Preserved specimen https://scan-bugs.org:443/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=32751637 Published in globalbioticinteractions/scan Record contexts (sample): no place published · Jan. 1, 1958 · Preserved specimen; no place published · Jan. 1, 1958 · Preserved specimen https://scan-bugs.org:443/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=32751638 Published in globalbioticinteractions/scan Record contexts (sample): no place published · Jan. 1, 1958 · Preserved specimen; no place published · Jan. 1, 1958 · Preserved specimen https://scan-bugs.org:443/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=32751639 Published in globalbioticinteractions/scan Record contexts (sample): no place published · Jan. 1, 1958 · Preserved specimen; no place published · Jan. 1, 1958 · Preserved specimen https://scan-bugs.org:443/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=32751640 Published in globalbioticinteractions/scan Record contexts (sample): no place published · Jan. 1, 1958 · Preserved specimen; no place published · Jan. 1, 1958 · Preserved specimen And 76 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 442, by number of studies See more of this type

interacts with 187 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
Black Cherry Prunus serotina Rosaceae	interacts with	8	not compared
8 sources · 8 records http://bins.boldsystems.org/index.php/Public_RecordView?processid=KSR200-07 Published in globalbioticinteractions/bold Context: Regional Municipality of York, King Twp., Jokers Hill West., 300 m W of tennis courts in hed · July 30, 2006 · Material sample http://bins.boldsystems.org/index.php/Public_RecordView?processid=PLCHA082-08 Published in globalbioticinteractions/bold Context: Chatham-Kent County, Wheatley Provincial Park, Group Camping Area #1, surrounding woods · May 28, 2007 · Material sample http://bins.boldsystems.org/index.php/Public_RecordView?processid=PLNIA043-08 Published in globalbioticinteractions/bold Context: Niagara County, Thorold Township, Short Hills Provincial Park, #6 trail · Oct. 10, 2007 · Material sample http://bins.boldsystems.org/index.php/Public_RecordView?processid=VEMSH360-13 Published in globalbioticinteractions/bold Context: Gault Nature Reserve. Mont St. Hilaire, Quebec. Ar · Aug. 7, 2012 · Material sample A. Thessen. 2014. Species associations extracted from EOL text data objects via text mining. Accessed at <https://github.com/EOL/pseudonitzchia/archive/e5838965a186fba4b7215cd0d179c4526773bad5.zip> on 04 Sep 2026. Published in EOL/pseudonitzchia Context: no place published · no date published https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/205339508 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 2, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/121905758 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · June 13, 2022 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/135978538 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Sept. 21, 2022 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Balsam Fir Abies balsamea Pinaceae	interacts with	5	not compared
5 sources · 5 records A. Thessen. 2014. Species associations extracted from EOL text data objects via text mining. Accessed at <https://github.com/EOL/pseudonitzchia/archive/e5838965a186fba4b7215cd0d179c4526773bad5.zip> on 04 Sep 2026. Published in EOL/pseudonitzchia Context: no place published · no date published https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/394712 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Sept. 11, 2013 · Human observation https://biorepo.neonscience.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=964822 Published in globalbioticinteractions/neon-biorepo Context: Great Lakes (D05), Treehaven NEON (TREE) · June 8, 2022 · Preserved specimen https://biorepo.neonscience.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=976326 Published in globalbioticinteractions/neon-biorepo Context: Great Lakes (D05), Steigerwaldt-Chequamegon NEON (STEI), Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest · July 19, 2022 · Preserved specimen https://biorepo.neonscience.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=976339 Published in globalbioticinteractions/neon-biorepo Context: Great Lakes (D05), University of Notre Dame Environmental Research Center NEON (UNDE) · Aug. 11, 2022 · Preserved specimen A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Sugar Maple Acer saccharum Sapindaceae	interacts with	4	not compared
4 sources · 4 records https://biorepo.neonscience.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=964761 Published in globalbioticinteractions/neon-biorepo Context: Appalachians & Cumberland Plateau (D07), Great Smoky Mountains National Park NEON (GRSM), Roadside near rainbow falls trailhead · June 9, 2… https://biorepo.neonscience.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=964794 Published in globalbioticinteractions/neon-biorepo Context: Appalachians & Cumberland Plateau (D07), Oak Ridge NEON (ORNL), Roadside near mosquito point ORNL_23 · May 26, 2021 · Preserved specimen https://biorepo.neonscience.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=964822 Published in globalbioticinteractions/neon-biorepo Context: Great Lakes (D05), Treehaven NEON (TREE) · June 8, 2022 · Preserved specimen https://biorepo.neonscience.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=976326 Published in globalbioticinteractions/neon-biorepo Context: Great Lakes (D05), Steigerwaldt-Chequamegon NEON (STEI), Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest · July 19, 2022 · Preserved specimen A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
wild lily-of-the-valley Maianthemum canadense Asparagaceae	interacts with	4	not compared
4 sources · 4 records https://biorepo.neonscience.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=964822 Published in globalbioticinteractions/neon-biorepo Context: Great Lakes (D05), Treehaven NEON (TREE) · June 8, 2022 · Preserved specimen https://biorepo.neonscience.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=976326 Published in globalbioticinteractions/neon-biorepo Context: Great Lakes (D05), Steigerwaldt-Chequamegon NEON (STEI), Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest · July 19, 2022 · Preserved specimen https://biorepo.neonscience.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=976339 Published in globalbioticinteractions/neon-biorepo Context: Great Lakes (D05), University of Notre Dame Environmental Research Center NEON (UNDE) · Aug. 11, 2022 · Preserved specimen https://biorepo.neonscience.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1540577 Published in globalbioticinteractions/neon-biorepo Context: Appalachians & Cumberland Plateau (D07), Mountain Lake Biological Station NEON (MLBS), Near edge of Salt Pond Rd and Murray building · July… A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 187, by number of studies See more of this type

Flower visit

has its flowers visited by 169 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it. Visiting a flower is not pollinating it. «Pollinates» is a different term and a different block, and merging the two is the measured defect that turned ~88 shared «pollinators» into birds and primates.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
American Robin Turdus migratorius Turdidae	has its flowers visited by	5	not compared
5 sources · 5 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/139380187 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 19, 2022 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/139380267 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 19, 2022 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/139380326 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 19, 2022 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/139380375 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 19, 2022 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/139380434 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 19, 2022 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Miserable Mining Bee Andrena miserabilis Andrenidae	has its flowers visited by	4	not compared
4 sources · 4 records Robertson, C. 1929. Flowers and insects: lists of visitors to four hundred and fifty-three flowers. Carlinville, IL, USA, C. Robertson. Published in millerse/Flowers-and-insects-lists-of-visitors-to-four-hundred-and-fifty-three-flowers Context: southwestern Illinois, USA · no date published https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/163644192 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 24, 2023 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/163981817 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 26, 2023 · Human observation Records of organisms other than plants having flower visitors are probably errors Published in globalbioticinteractions/refuted-biotic-interactions-by-eol Context: no place published · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Milwaukee Miner Andrena milwaukeensis Andrenidae	has its flowers visited by	4	not compared
4 sources · 5 records LaBerge, Wallace E. A Revision of the Bees of the Genus Andrena of the Western Hemisphere. Part X. Subgenus Andrena. Transactions of the American Entomological Society (1890-), vol. 106, no. 4, 1980, pp. 395–525. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/25078273. Accessed 18 Aug. 2020. Published in Extended-Bee-Network/bee-interaction-database Record contexts (sample): no place published · no date published; no place published · no date published https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/215538862 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 13, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/161863178 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 10, 2023 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/163645195 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 24, 2023 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Eastern Pine Elfin Callophrys niphon	has its flowers visited by	4	not compared
4 sources · 4 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/358645442 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 5, 2026 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/162569179 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 18, 2023 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/163154077 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 21, 2023 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/164011918 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 27, 2023 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 169, by number of studies See more of this type

Pollination

is pollinated by 127 organisms

This term declares that the organism benefits this species. «Visits the flowers of» is a different term and a different block: a visitor is not a pollinator, and merging the two is the measured defect that turned ~88 shared «pollinators» into birds and primates.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented	Actions
Gestippelde smaragdgroefbij Lasioglossum aeratum Halictidae	is pollinated by	2	no location
2 sources · 2 records Reji Chacko, M., Albouy, C., Altermatt, F., Brändle, M., Casanelles Abella, J., Boussange, V., Campell, F., Ellis, W. N., Fopp, F., Gossner, M. M., Ho., H., Joss, A., Kipf, P., Neff, F., Petrović, A., Prié, V., Tomanović, Ž., Zimmerli, N., Pellissier, L. (2024). trophiCH v1 - a … Published in globalbioticinteractions/trophiCH Context: no place published · no date published CSCF. (2017). Info fauna \| Data Server. info fauna Nationales Daten- und Informationszentrum der Schweizer Fauna. https://lepus.infofauna.ch/tab/ Published in globalbioticinteractions/trophiCH Context: Switzerland · Jan. 1, 2017 · Metaanalysis A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Apoidea	is pollinated by	2	no location	Not a modelling unit: the source publishes it at superfamily level.
2 sources · 2 records Ley, E., Buchmann, S., Kauffman, G. & McGuire, K. (2015d). Ouachita Mixed Forest Meadow (Pollinator Guide). The Pollinator Partnership/North American Pollinator Protection Campaign Published in globalbioticinteractions/cpc-pollinators Context: no place published · no date published Ley, E., Buchmann, S., Holmes, R. & McGuire, K. (2015b). Central Appalachian Broadleaf Forest Regional Pollinator Guide (Pollinator Guide). The Pollinator Partnership/North American Pollinator Protection Campaign Published in globalbioticinteractions/cpc-pollinators Context: no place published · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Lasioglossum podolicum Halictidae	is pollinated by	2	no location
2 sources · 2 records Reji Chacko, M., Albouy, C., Altermatt, F., Brändle, M., Casanelles Abella, J., Boussange, V., Campell, F., Ellis, W. N., Fopp, F., Gossner, M. M., Ho., H., Joss, A., Kipf, P., Neff, F., Petrović, A., Prié, V., Tomanović, Ž., Zimmerli, N., Pellissier, L. (2024). trophiCH v1 - a … Published in globalbioticinteractions/trophiCH Context: no place published · no date published CSCF. (2017). Info fauna \| Data Server. info fauna Nationales Daten- und Informationszentrum der Schweizer Fauna. https://lepus.infofauna.ch/tab/ Published in globalbioticinteractions/trophiCH Context: Switzerland · Jan. 1, 2017 · Metaanalysis A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Glanzende franjegroefbij Lasioglossum monstrificum Halictidae	is pollinated by	2	no location
2 sources · 2 records Reji Chacko, M., Albouy, C., Altermatt, F., Brändle, M., Casanelles Abella, J., Boussange, V., Campell, F., Ellis, W. N., Fopp, F., Gossner, M. M., Ho., H., Joss, A., Kipf, P., Neff, F., Petrović, A., Prié, V., Tomanović, Ž., Zimmerli, N., Pellissier, L. (2024). trophiCH v1 - a … Published in globalbioticinteractions/trophiCH Context: no place published · no date published CSCF. (2017). Info fauna \| Data Server. info fauna Nationales Daten- und Informationszentrum der Schweizer Fauna. https://lepus.infofauna.ch/tab/ Published in globalbioticinteractions/trophiCH Context: Switzerland · Jan. 1, 2017 · Metaanalysis A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 127, by number of studies See more of this type

is adjacent to 84 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
Cercospora graphioides Mycosphaerellaceae	is adjacent to	33	not compared
33 sources · 33 records https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=3743571 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Sylvester, Sec. 1 · Sept. 1, 1954 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=3200977 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: near Albany · Sept. 3, 1959 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=2628443 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Danbury · Aug. 5, 1924 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=2628490 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Weyerhaeuser · July 27, 1925 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=2628425 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Westbrook · Aug. 1, 1899 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=2628502 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Muir Park, Poynette · Sept. 18, 1959 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=2628420 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Chaffey's Locks, Leeds Co. · Aug. 3, 1954 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=2628484 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Mazomanie · Sept. 18, 1928 · Preserved specimen And 25 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Vleeskleurig bladschijfje Blumeriella jaapii Drepanopezizaceae	is adjacent to	22	not compared
22 sources · 22 records 0056aeed-b250-4bdb-a2c7-73a47ac1429b Published in globalbioticinteractions/fmnh Context: no place published · Sept. 22, 1935 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=3581322 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: no place published · Sept. 30, 1880 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=3755084 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: [New Haven] · Sept. 8, 1886 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=3978082 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: no place published · July 17, 1900 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=3978085 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: M. A. C. · Sept. 19, 1897 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=4818443 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: no place published · June 30, 1913 · Exsiccati https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=2638306 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: no place published · Sept. 19, 1954 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=2714116 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: no place published · Sept. 5, 1902 · Preserved specimen And 14 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Blackthorn Rust Tranzschelia pruni-spinosae Uropyxidaceae	is adjacent to	20	not compared
20 sources · 20 records https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=3768146 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Woods near Clemson · Aug. 3, 1962 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=2128250 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Oregon · Oct. 10, 1887 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=2128256 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Oregon · Sept. 22, 1882 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=4915152 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Ledges State Park · Aug. 12, 2002 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=4915160 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: White Pine Hollow State Preserve · Oct. 14, 1983 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=4915161 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Dolliver State Park · Oct. 11, 1982 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=4915162 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: Yellow River State Forest · Oct. 14, 1989 · Preserved specimen https://mycoportal.org/portal/collections/individual/index.php?occid=4915164 Published in globalbioticinteractions/mycoportal Context: no place published · Oct. 11, 1981 · Preserved specimen And 12 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Eastern Tiger Swallowtail Papilio glaucus Papilionidae	is adjacent to	13	not compared
13 sources · 13 records https://ecdysis.org/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1379032 Published in globalbioticinteractions/ecdysis Context: Spring Church · April 21, 2006 · Preserved specimen https://ecdysis.org/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1379044 Published in globalbioticinteractions/ecdysis Context: Spring Church · April 16, 2006 · Preserved specimen https://ecdysis.org/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1379045 Published in globalbioticinteractions/ecdysis Context: Spring Church · April 12, 2006 · Preserved specimen https://ecdysis.org/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1379046 Published in globalbioticinteractions/ecdysis Context: Spring Church · April 16, 2006 · Preserved specimen https://ecdysis.org/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1379047 Published in globalbioticinteractions/ecdysis Context: Spring Church · April 17, 2006 · Preserved specimen https://ecdysis.org/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1379048 Published in globalbioticinteractions/ecdysis Context: Spring Church · April 17, 2006 · Preserved specimen https://ecdysis.org/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1379049 Published in globalbioticinteractions/ecdysis Context: Spring Church · April 17, 2006 · Preserved specimen https://ecdysis.org/collections/individual/index.php?occid=1379050 Published in globalbioticinteractions/ecdysis Context: Spring Church · April 12, 2006 · Preserved specimen And 5 more sources, with fewer records, not listed here. A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 84, by number of studies See more of this type

is visited by 78 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
Abberton Weevil Rhynchites auratus Attelabidae	is visited by	6	not compared
6 sources · 6 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/160796361 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 7, 2023 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/160796362 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 7, 2023 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/160797410 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 7, 2023 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/160798653 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 7, 2023 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/160799838 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 7, 2023 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/186837044 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 10, 2023 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Eastern Tent Caterpillar Moth Malacosoma americana Lasiocampidae	is visited by	6	not compared
6 sources · 6 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/297281797 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 2, 2025 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/44872449 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 2, 2020 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/44893871 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 2, 2020 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/154555059 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 11, 2023 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/160366711 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 4, 2023 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/287288680 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 17, 2025 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Pale-fovea Andrena Andrena pallidifovea Andrenidae	is visited by	6	no location
6 sources · 6 records 84c35eba-d8e1-11e2-99a2-0026552be7ea Published in globalbioticinteractions/AMNH-hymenoptera Context: 4.5 mi W of Cedar Pass · no date published · Preserved specimen 84c35f1e-d8e1-11e2-99a2-0026552be7ea Published in globalbioticinteractions/AMNH-hymenoptera Context: 4.5 mi W of Cedar Pass · no date published · Preserved specimen 84c35f82-d8e1-11e2-99a2-0026552be7ea Published in globalbioticinteractions/AMNH-hymenoptera Context: 4.5 mi W of Cedar Pass · no date published · Preserved specimen 84c35fdc-d8e1-11e2-99a2-0026552be7ea Published in globalbioticinteractions/AMNH-hymenoptera Context: 4.5 mi W of Cedar Pass · no date published · Preserved specimen 84c36040-d8e1-11e2-99a2-0026552be7ea Published in globalbioticinteractions/AMNH-hymenoptera Context: 4.5 mi W of Cedar Pass · no date published · Preserved specimen 84c360a4-d8e1-11e2-99a2-0026552be7ea Published in globalbioticinteractions/AMNH-hymenoptera Context: 4.5 mi W of Cedar Pass · no date published · Preserved specimen A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Eriophyes cerasicrumena Eriophyidae	is visited by	5	not compared
5 sources · 5 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/99599636 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Sept. 8, 2021 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/107980666 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · June 20, 2016 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/212462137 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · April 30, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/17421140 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Oct. 10, 2018 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/29832496 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · July 30, 2019 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 78, by number of studies See more of this type

is a mutualist of 22 organisms

This term declares that the organism benefits this species.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
Perilampus fulvicornis Perilampidae	is a mutualist of	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record @book{bhl43820, title = {Flowers and insects; lists of visitors of four hundred and fifty-three flowers, }, copyright = {Public domain. Published 1923-1963 with notice but no evidence of copyright renewal found in Stanford Copyright Renewal Database. Contact dcc@library.uiuc.… Published in globalbioticinteractions/mangal Context: no place published · July 1, 1899 · field observations A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Oxybelus inornatus Crabronidae	is a mutualist of	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record @book{bhl43820, title = {Flowers and insects; lists of visitors of four hundred and fifty-three flowers, }, copyright = {Public domain. Published 1923-1963 with notice but no evidence of copyright renewal found in Stanford Copyright Renewal Database. Contact dcc@library.uiuc.… Published in globalbioticinteractions/mangal Context: no place published · July 1, 1899 · field observations A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Alternate Cuckoo-leaf-cutter Coelioxys alternata Megachilidae	is a mutualist of	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record @book{bhl43820, title = {Flowers and insects; lists of visitors of four hundred and fifty-three flowers, }, copyright = {Public domain. Published 1923-1963 with notice but no evidence of copyright renewal found in Stanford Copyright Renewal Database. Contact dcc@library.uiuc.… Published in globalbioticinteractions/mangal Context: no place published · July 1, 1899 · field observations A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Ceropales robinsonii	is a mutualist of	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record @book{bhl43820, title = {Flowers and insects; lists of visitors of four hundred and fifty-three flowers, }, copyright = {Public domain. Published 1923-1963 with notice but no evidence of copyright renewal found in Stanford Copyright Renewal Database. Contact dcc@library.uiuc.… Published in globalbioticinteractions/mangal Context: no place published · July 1, 1899 · field observations A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 22, by number of studies See more of this type

has as a parasite 22 organisms

This term does declare that the organism harms this species.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
Podosphaera prunicola Erysiphaceae	has as a parasite	4	not compared
4 sources · 4 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/168804723 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · June 22, 2023 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/173404318 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · July 17, 2023 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/173755880 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · July 19, 2023 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/174418367 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · July 22, 2023 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Black Knot Apiosporina morbosa Venturiaceae	has as a parasite	4	not compared
4 sources · 4 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/2704563 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Feb. 21, 2016 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/10276606 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · March 17, 2018 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/35897074 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Nov. 20, 2019 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/35955945 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Nov. 20, 2019 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Eriophyes cerasicrumena Eriophyidae	has as a parasite	4	not compared
4 sources · 4 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/6423639 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 23, 2017 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/7202761 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · July 25, 2017 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/7202881 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · July 25, 2017 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/7203089 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · July 25, 2017 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Vogelkersbladblaasje Taphrina farlowii Taphrinaceae	has as a parasite	4	not compared
4 sources · 4 records https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/254731725 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Aug. 17, 2024 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/164690963 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · May 30, 2023 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/174420417 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · July 22, 2023 · Human observation https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/175008805 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · July 26, 2023 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 22, by number of studies See more of this type

co-occurs ecologically with 5 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
Black Sheet Lichen Parmotrema reticulatum Parmeliaceae	co-occurs ecologically with	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record Moncada, B. 8365 JBB Published in globalbioticinteractions/delrisco2021 Context: Bogotá, Colombia · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Candleflame Lichen Candelaria concolor Candelariaceae	co-occurs ecologically with	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record Moncada, B. 8368 JBB Published in globalbioticinteractions/delrisco2021 Context: Bogotá, Colombia · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Old Hairy-spined Loop Parmelinopsis horrescens Parmeliaceae	co-occurs ecologically with	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record Moncada, B. 8362 JBB Published in globalbioticinteractions/delrisco2021 Context: Bogotá, Colombia · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Black-backed Grosbeak Pheucticus aureoventris Cardinalidae	co-occurs ecologically with	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record Tovar, G. (2019) Manejo de la avifauna como parte de la gestión del arbolado urbano en Bogotá D.C. Territorios 40, 83-117. Published in globalbioticinteractions/delrisco2021 Context: Bogotá, Colombia · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 4 of 5, by number of studies See more of this type

has as a vector 3 organisms

The authority declares no effect on this species for this term: neither that it harms it nor that it benefits it.

Organism	Reads as	Studies	Where it was documented
Red-crested Cotinga Ampelion rubrocristatus Cotingidae	has as a vector	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record Echeverry-Galvis, M.A., Morales-Rozo, A. (2007) Lista anotada de algunas especies de la vereda “Cerca de Piedra”, Chía, Colombia. Boletín SAO 17, 87-93. Published in globalbioticinteractions/delrisco2021 Context: Bogotá, Colombia · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Red Fox Vulpes vulpes Canidae	has as a vector	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/16136474 Published in globalbioticinteractions/inaturalist Context: no place published · Sept. 2, 2018 · Human observation A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.
Mountain Tapir Tapirus pinchaque Tapiridae	has as a vector	1	not compared
1 source · 1 record Downer, C.C. (2001) Observations on the diet and habitat of the mountain tapir (Tapirus pinchaque). Journal of Zoology 254, 279-291. Published in globalbioticinteractions/delrisco2021 Context: Bogotá, Colombia · no date published A published relationship says these two taxa were documented interacting. It does not say how often, or that it happens in this project's region.

Showing 3 of 3, by number of studies

Interaction data from Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI), GloBI 0.11. Each row keeps the citation its own study published.

Interactions are published at species level: they are not resolved by variety or race.

Each block is headed by the source's own term, read from this species' end — not by a category of ours. Two similar terms are not merged.

«Documented here» means the interaction was observed in this territory. It is not evidence that the species is here, and it does not enter the niche model.

Acompañantes documentados

This agronomic reading comes from a source reserved for internal use, so it is not shown here.

Documented uses and recommendations

Uses and recommendations that a source documents for this species beside a crop, each in its own context. They are the source's statements, not traits of the species and not Biolítica's recommendations, and none of them is a relation between two species.

Not grouped under a navigation concept

What the source states	Claim type	Context	Source	Actions
Árbol nativo candidato de paisaje	Recommendation of a guideRecommended	coffee · Veracruz, México	Biolítica · compilación de café de CIE-10 sha256:e376ce4d636a
1 source · 2 records Flores-Ortiz et al. 2025 Record contexts (sample): coffee · Veracruz, México; coffee · Veracruz, México A guide's recommendation, in its own context. It is not a measurement and does not carry over to another crop or region.